Verse 21

{ "verseID": "Exodus.20.21", "source": "וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד הָעָ֖ם מֵרָחֹ֑ק וּמֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ אֶל־הָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿămōd* the *ʿām* from *rāḥōq* and *Mōšeh* *niggaš* unto the *ʿărāp̄el* *ʾăšer*-there the *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿămōd*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*ʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the people", "*rāḥōq*": "adverb - far/at a distance", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*niggaš*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - drew near/approached", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - unto/toward", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "definite noun, masculine singular - thick darkness/thick cloud", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/where", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural form with singular meaning - God" }, "variants": { "*yaʿămōd*": "stand/remain/stay", "*rāḥōq*": "far away/distance/remoteness", "*niggaš*": "drew near/approached/came close", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "thick darkness/thick cloud/gloom", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being/deity" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • 1 Kgs 8:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.12", "source": "אָ֖ז אָמַ֣ר שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה יְהוָ֣ה אָמַ֔ר לִשְׁכֹּ֖ן בָּעֲרָפֶֽל", "text": "Then *ʾāmar* *Šəlōmōh* *YHWH* *ʾāmar* *liškōn* in the *ʿărāp̄el*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then, at that time", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*Šəlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Solomon", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD, Yahweh", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*lə*": "preposition - to, for", "*škōn*": "Qal infinitive construct - dwell, abide", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the thick darkness, dark cloud" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said, spoke, declared", "*liškōn*": "to dwell, to abide, to inhabit", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "thick darkness, heavy cloud, dark cloud" } }
  • Ps 18:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.9", "source": "עָ֘לָ֤ה עָשָׁ֨ן ׀ בְּאַפּ֗וֹ וְאֵשׁ־מִפִּ֥יו תֹּאכֵ֑ל גֶּ֝חָלִ֗ים בָּעֲר֥וּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*alah* *ashan* in *apo* and *esh*-from *piv* *tokel* *gechalim* *ba'aru* from him.", "grammar": { "*alah*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - went up", "*ashan*": "masculine singular noun - smoke", "*apo*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his nose/anger", "*esh*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*piv*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*tokel*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it devoured", "*gechalim*": "masculine plural noun - coals", "*ba'aru*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they burned" }, "variants": { "*alah*": "went up/ascended/rose", "*ashan*": "smoke/vapor", "*apo*": "his nose/his anger/his face", "*tokel*": "it devoured/it consumed/it ate", "*gechalim*": "coals/embers/burning coals", "*ba'aru*": "they burned/they were kindled/they were ignited" } }
  • Ps 97:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.97.2", "source": "עָנָ֣ן וַעֲרָפֶ֣ל סְבִיבָ֑יו צֶ֥דֶק וּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט מְכ֣וֹן כִּסְאֽוֹ", "text": "*ʿānān* *wa-ʿărāp̄el* *sĕḇîḇāyw* *ṣeḏeq* *û-mišpāṭ* *məḵôn* *kisʾô*", "grammar": { "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*wa-ʿărāp̄el*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular - and thick darkness/gloom", "*sĕḇîḇāyw*": "preposition + suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - around him", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*û-mišpāṭ*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular - and justice", "*məḵôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - foundation/established place of", "*kisʾô*": "noun, masculine singular + suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his throne" }, "variants": { "*ʿărāp̄el*": "thick darkness/gloom/heavy cloud", "*sĕḇîḇāyw*": "surrounding him/around him/encircling him", "*ṣeḏeq*": "righteousness/rightness/justice", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*məḵôn*": "foundation/established place/base" } }
  • Ps 104:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.104.2", "source": "עֹֽטֶה־א֭וֹר כַּשַּׂלְמָ֑ה נוֹטֶ֥ה שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם כַּיְרִיעָֽה׃", "text": "*ʿōṭeh*-*ʾôr* *kaśśalmāh* *nôṭeh* *shāmayim* *kayĕrîʿāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿōṭeh*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - covering, wrapping", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light", "*kaśśalmāh*": "preposition *kě* + definite article + noun, feminine singular - like the garment/cloak", "*nôṭeh*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - stretching out, spreading", "*shāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens, sky", "*kayĕrîʿāh*": "preposition *kě* + noun, feminine singular - like a curtain/tent-cloth" }, "variants": { "*ʿōṭeh*": "covering, wrapping, enveloping", "*ʾôr*": "light, illumination, daylight, sunlight", "*śalmāh*": "garment, cloak, mantle", "*nôṭeh*": "stretching out, extending, spreading", "*shāmayim*": "heavens, sky, firmament", "*yĕrîʿāh*": "curtain, tent-cloth, hanging" } }
  • 1 Tim 6:16 : 16 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.6.16", "source": "Ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν, φῶς οἰκῶν ἀπρόσιτον· ὃν εἶδεν οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ ἰδεῖν δύναται: ᾧ τιμὴ καὶ κράτος αἰώνιον. Ἀμήν.", "text": "The only one *echōn athanasian*, *phōs oikōn aprositon*; whom *eiden oudeis anthrōpōn*, neither *idein dynatai*: to whom *timē kai kratos aiōnion*. *Amēn*.", "grammar": { "*Ho monos*": "nominative, masculine, singular with article - the only one", "*echōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - having", "*athanasian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - immortality", "*phōs*": "accusative, neuter, singular - light", "*oikōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - dwelling in", "*aprositon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - unapproachable/inaccessible", "*hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - whom", "*eiden*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular, active - saw", "*oudeis*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - no one", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of humans/people", "*oude*": "conjunction, negative - neither/nor", "*idein*": "aorist infinitive, active - to see", "*dynatai*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle/passive - is able", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to whom", "*timē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - honor/value", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kratos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - power/might", "*aiōnion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - eternal/everlasting", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew affirmation - Amen/truly" }, "variants": { "*echōn*": "having/possessing/holding", "*athanasian*": "immortality/deathlessness", "*phōs*": "light/radiance", "*oikōn*": "dwelling in/living in/inhabiting", "*aprositon*": "unapproachable/inaccessible/unattainable", "*eiden*": "saw/perceived/beheld", "*idein*": "to see/to perceive/to behold", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power to", "*timē*": "honor/value/esteem/worth", "*kratos*": "power/might/dominion/strength", "*aiōnion*": "eternal/everlasting/age-lasting" } }
  • Ps 18:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.12", "source": "יָ֤שֶׁת חֹ֨שֶׁךְ ׀ סִתְר֗וֹ סְבִֽיבוֹתָ֥יו סֻכָּת֑וֹ חֶשְׁכַת־מַ֝֗יִם עָבֵ֥י שְׁחָקִֽים׃", "text": "*yashet* *choshech* *sitro* *sevivotav* *sukato* *cheshkat*-*mayim* *avey* *shechaqim*.", "grammar": { "*yashet*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made/placed", "*choshech*": "masculine singular noun - darkness", "*sitro*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hiding place", "*sevivotav*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his surroundings", "*sukato*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his canopy/covering", "*cheshkat*": "construct state, feminine singular - darkness of", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*avey*": "construct state, masculine plural - clouds of", "*shechaqim*": "masculine plural noun - skies/clouds" }, "variants": { "*yashet*": "he made/he placed/he set", "*sitro*": "his hiding place/his covering/his secret place", "*sevivotav*": "his surroundings/around him", "*sukato*": "his canopy/his covering/his tent", "*cheshkat*": "darkness of/gloom of", "*avey*": "clouds of/thick clouds of", "*shechaqim*": "skies/clouds/heavens" } }
  • 2 Chr 6:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.6.1", "source": "אָ֖ז אָמַ֣ר שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה יְהוָ֣ה אָמַ֔ר לִשְׁכּ֖וֹן בָּעֲרָפֶֽל׃", "text": "Then *ʾāmar* *šəlōmōh*: *YHWH* *ʾāmar* to *šākôn* in *ʿărāpel*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*lišəkôn*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to dwell/abide", "*bāʿărāpel*": "preposition + definite noun, masculine singular - in the thick darkness/cloud" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/declared/stated", "*šākôn*": "to dwell/abide/remain", "*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/dark cloud/heavy cloud" } }
  • Exod 19:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.16", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י בִּֽהְיֹ֣ת הַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְהִי֩ קֹלֹ֨ת וּבְרָקִ֜ים וְעָנָ֤ן כָּבֵד֙ עַל־הָהָ֔ר וְקֹ֥ל שֹׁפָ֖ר חָזָ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* in the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* in *bihyōt* the *bōqer* *wə-yhî* *qōlōt* and *bərāqîm* and *ʿānān* *kābēd* on the *hār* and *qōl* *šōpār* *ḥāzāq* very and *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *ʿām* *ʾăšer* in the *maḥăneh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it happened", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the day", "*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular (with definite article) - the third", "*bihyōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - at the being of", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the morning", "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and there were", "*qōlōt*": "noun, masculine plural - voices/thunders", "*bərāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*kābēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy/thick", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šōpār*": "noun, masculine singular - ram's horn/trumpet", "*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong", "*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp" }, "variants": { "*qōlōt*": "thunders/voices/sounds", "*ʿānān kābēd*": "thick cloud/dense cloud/heavy cloud", "*šōpār*": "trumpet/ram's horn/shofar" } } 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.17", "source": "וַיּוֹצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֧ה אֶת־הָעָ֛ם לִקְרַ֥את הָֽאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ בְּתַחְתִּ֥ית הָהָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yôṣēʾ* *mōšeh* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* to *liqraʾt* the *ʾĕlōhîm* from the *maḥăneh* *wə-yityaṣṣəbû* in *taḥtît* the *hār*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yôṣēʾ*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he brought out", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - God/the gods", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp", "*wə-yityaṣṣəbû*": "conjunction + verb, hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they stationed themselves", "*taḥtît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - lower part/foot of", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain" }, "variants": { "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*taḥtît*": "foot/base/lower part" } }
  • Deut 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.5", "source": "אָ֠נֹכִי עֹמֵ֨ד בֵּין־יְהוָ֤ה וּבֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא לְהַגִּ֥יד לָכֶ֖ם אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֤י יְרֵאתֶם֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י הָאֵ֔שׁ וְלֹֽא־עֲלִיתֶ֥ם בָּהָ֖ר לֵאמֹֽר", "text": "*ʾānōkî* *ʿōmēd* between-*YHWH* and-between-you in-the-*ʿēt* the-that to-*ləhaggîd* to-you *ʾet*-*dəbar* *YHWH* *kî* *yərēʾtem* from-*pənê* the-*ʾēš* and-not-*ʿălîtem* in-the-*hār* to-say", "grammar": { "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*ʿōmēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - standing", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʿēt*": "common noun, feminine singular - time", "*ləhaggîd*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to tell/declare", "*dəbar*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yərēʾtem*": "Qal perfect 2mp - you feared", "*pənê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿălîtem*": "Qal perfect 2mp - you went up" }, "variants": { "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/mediating", "*ʿēt*": "time/occasion/period", "*ləhaggîd*": "to tell/to declare/to report", "*dəbar*": "word/message/command", "*yərēʾtem*": "you feared/you were afraid/you were in awe" } }
  • Deut 5:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.22", "source": "אֶֽת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֡לֶּה דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֶל־כָּל־קְהַלְכֶ֜ם בָּהָ֗ר מִתּ֤וֹךְ הָאֵשׁ֙ הֶֽעָנָ֣ן וְהָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל ק֥וֹל גָּד֖וֹל וְלֹ֣א יָסָ֑ף וַֽיִּכְתְּבֵ֗ם עַל־שְׁנֵי֙ לֻחֹ֣ת אֲבָנִ֔ים וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם אֵלָֽי", "text": "*ʾEt*-the-*dəbārîm* the-these *dibber* *YHWH* to-all-assembly-of-you in-the-*hār* from-midst-of the-*ʾēš* the-*ʿānān* and-the-*ʿărāpel* *qôl* *gādôl* and-not *yāsāp* and-*wayyiktəbēm* on-two *luḥōt* *ʾăbānîm* and-*wayyitənēm* to-me", "grammar": { "*ʾEt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - words", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3ms - spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿānān*": "common noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "common noun, masculine singular - thick darkness", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - voice", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*yāsāp*": "Qal perfect 3ms - he added", "*wayyiktəbēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he wrote them", "*luḥōt*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - stones", "*wayyitənēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he gave them" }, "variants": { "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*dibber*": "spoke/declared/uttered", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/gloom/deep cloud", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*yāsāp*": "he added/he continued/he did again", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/panels" } }