Verse 31
{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.31", "source": "וּבָנ֞וּ בָּמ֣וֹת הַתֹּ֗פֶת אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם לִשְׂרֹ֛ף אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֥ם וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם בָּאֵ֑שׁ אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צִוִּ֔יתִי וְלֹ֥א עָלְתָ֖ה עַל־לִבִּֽי׃ ס", "text": "*wə-bānû* *bāmôt* *ha-tōpet* *ʾăšer* in-*gêʾ* *ben-hinnōm* *liśrōp* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* *wə-ʾet*-*bənôtêhem* in-*ʾēš* *ʾăšer* not *ṣiwwîtî* *wə-lōʾ* *ʿālətâ* upon-*libbî*", "grammar": { "*wə-bānû*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 3rd person plural - and they built", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural construct - high places of", "*ha-tōpet*": "definite article + proper noun - the Tophet", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*gêʾ*": "construct noun - valley of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "compound noun - son of Hinnom", "*liśrōp*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to burn", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular - I commanded", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿālətâ*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - it came up", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/altars/shrines", "*tōpet*": "place name/fire-place/place of burning", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*liśrōp*": "to burn/to consume by fire", "*ʿālətâ*": "came up/ascended/entered" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
De har bygd offerhauger i Tofet, i Ben-Hinnom-dalen, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ild. Jeg har aldri befalt dette, og det har aldri kommet opp i mitt sinn.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
De har bygd Tofets offerhauger i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden, noe som jeg ikke har befalt dem, heller ikke tenkte jeg det i mitt hjerte.
Norsk King James
Og de har bygget de høye stedene for Tophet, som er i dalen til Hinnoms sønn, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ild; noe jeg ikke befalte dem, og som aldri kom inn i mitt hjerte.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
Og de har bygget Tofets høyder i Ben-Hinnoms dal for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden, noe jeg ikke befalte, og det har aldri kommet opp i mitt hjerte.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
De har bygd Tofet-haugene i Hinnoms dal for å brenne sine sønner og sine døtre i ilden, noe jeg ikke har befalt, og det har ikke kommet opp i mitt hjerte.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
Og de har bygget offerhaugene i Tofet, som er i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og sine døtre i ilden; noe jeg ikke har befalt dem, og det har ikke kommet opp i mitt hjerte.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
De har også bygd høyder til Tophet i Hinnoms-dalen, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden – noe jeg aldri ga dem påbud om, og som aldri kom meg i tanke.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
Og de har bygget offerhaugene i Tofet, som er i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og sine døtre i ilden; noe jeg ikke har befalt dem, og det har ikke kommet opp i mitt hjerte.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
De har bygget offerhøgdene for Tofet i Hinnoms dal for å brenne sønner og døtre i ilden, noe jeg ikke har befalt, og som aldri har steget opp i mitt hjerte.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
They have built the high places of Topheth in the Valley of Ben Hinnom to burn their sons and daughters in the fire—something I did not command, nor did it enter my mind.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
De har bygd Tofet-haugene i Hinnoms sønns dal for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden, en handling jeg aldri befalte eller tenkte på.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
Og de byggede Thophets Høie, som ere i Ben-Hinnoms Dal, til at opbrænde deres Sønner og deres Døttre med Ilden, hvilket jeg ikke haver budet, ei heller er opkommet i mit Hjerte.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
And they have built the high places of Tophet, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded them not, neither came it into my heart.
KJV 1769 norsk
Og de har bygget de høye steder i Tofet, som er i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden; noe jeg ikke har befalt, ei heller har det kommet inn i mitt hjerte.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
And they have built the high places of Tophet, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I did not command, nor did it enter into my heart.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
And they have built the high places of Tophet, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded them not, neither came it into my heart.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
De har bygd de høye stedene til Tofet, som er i Hinnoms dal, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre i ilden; noe jeg ikke befalte, ei heller har det kommet i mine tanker.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
De har bygget offerhaugene i Tofet, som er i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og døtre med ild, noe jeg ikke har befalt og ikke hadde i tanke.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Og de har bygget offerhaugene i Tofet, som er i Hinnoms sønns dal, for å brenne sine sønner og sine døtre i ilden; noe jeg ikke har befalt, og heller ikke tenkt meg.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
Og de har reist et høyt sted for Tofet i dalen til Hinnoms sønn, og brent sine sønner og døtre i ilden; noe som jeg ikke befalte og aldri kom opp i mitt sinn.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
They haue also buylded an aulter at Tophet, which is in the valley of ye childre of Enno: yt they might burne their sonnes and doughters, which I neuer comaunded them, nether came it euer in my thought.
Geneva Bible (1560)
And they haue built the hie place of Topheth, which is in the valley of Ben-Hinnom to burne their sonnes & their daughters in the fire, which I commaunded them not, neither came it in mine heart.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
They haue also buylded an aulter at Topheth, whiche is in the valley of the chyldren of Hennom, that they might burne their sonnes and daughters in fire: whiche I neuer commaunded them, neither came it euer in my thought.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
And they have built the high places of Tophet, which [is] in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded [them] not, neither came it into my heart.
Webster's Bible (1833)
They have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I didn't command, neither came it into my mind.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
And have built the high places of Tophet, That `are' in the valley of the son of Hinnom, To burn their sons and their daughters with fire, Which I did not command, Nor did it come up on My heart.
American Standard Version (1901)
And they have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded not, neither came it into my mind.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
And they have put up the high place of Topheth in the valley of the son of Hinnom, burning their sons and their daughters there in the fire; a thing which was not ordered by me and never came into my mind.
World English Bible (2000)
They have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I didn't command, nor did it come into my mind.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
They have also built places of worship in a place called Topheth in the Valley of Ben Hinnom so that they can sacrifice their sons and daughters by fire. That is something I never commanded them to do! Indeed, it never even entered my mind to command such a thing!
Referenced Verses
- Deut 17:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.17.3", "source": "וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וֽ͏ַיַּעֲבֹד֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לָהֶ֑ם וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ א֣וֹ לַיָּרֵ֗חַ א֛וֹ לְכָל־צְבָ֥א הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־צִוִּֽיתִי׃", "text": "And *yēlek* and *yaʿăḇōd* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *yištaḥû* to them, and to the *šemeš* or to the *yārēaḥ* or to all *ṣəḇāʾ* the *šāmayim* which not *ṣiwwîtî*.", "grammar": { "וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he goes/went", "וֽ͏ַיַּעֲבֹד֙": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he serves/served", "אֱלֹהִ֣ים": "noun masculine plural - gods", "אֲחֵרִ֔ים": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ": "conjunction + hishtaphel imperfect 3ms consecutive - and he bows down/prostrates", "לָהֶ֑ם": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ": "conjunction + preposition + article + noun feminine singular - and to the sun", "א֣וֹ": "conjunction - or", "לַיָּרֵ֗חַ": "preposition + article + noun masculine singular - to the moon", "א֛וֹ": "conjunction - or", "לְכָל־צְבָ֥א": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular construct - to all host of", "הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם": "article + noun masculine plural - the heavens", "אֲשֶׁ֥ר": "relative particle - which", "לֹא־צִוִּֽיתִי": "negative particle + piel perfect 1cs - I did not command" }, "variants": { "*yēlek*": "goes/walks/proceeds", "*yaʿăḇōd*": "serves/worships/works for", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/foreign/strange", "*yištaḥû*": "bows down/prostrates/worships", "*šemeš*": "sun", "*yārēaḥ*": "moon", "*ṣəḇāʾ*": "host/army/multitude", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "I commanded/I ordered" } }
- 2 Kgs 23:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.10", "source": "וְטִמֵּ֣א אֶת־הַתֹּ֔פֶת אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּגֵ֣י *בני־**בֶן־הִנֹּ֑ם לְבִלְתִּ֗י לְהַעֲבִ֨יר אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֧וֹ וְאֶת־בִּתּ֛וֹ בָּאֵ֖שׁ לַמֹּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wə-ṭimmēʾ* *ʾet-ha-tōpet* *ʾăšer* in *gê* *ben-hinnōm* to not *lə-biltî* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾîš* *ʾet-bənô* and *ʾet-bittô* in *bā-ʾēš* to *la-mōleḵ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ṭimmēʾ*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he defiled", "*ʾet-ha-tōpet*": "direct object marker + definite article + proper noun - the Topheth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*gê*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Hinnom", "*lə-biltî*": "preposition + conjunction - to not/so that not", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to pass through", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/anyone", "*ʾet-bənô*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ʾet-bittô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his daughter", "*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun common singular - in the fire", "*la-mōleḵ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech" }, "variants": { "*wə-ṭimmēʾ*": "and he defiled/desecrated/made unclean", "*ʾet-ha-tōpet*": "the Topheth [place name]", "*ʾăšer*": "which/that", "*gê*": "valley/ravine of", "*ben-hinnōm*": "son of Hinnom [place name]", "*lə-biltî*": "so that not/in order not to", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/offer/sacrifice", "*ʾîš*": "man/any man/anyone", "*ʾet-bənô*": "his son", "*ʾet-bittô*": "and his daughter", "*bā-ʾēš*": "in the fire", "*la-mōleḵ*": "to Molech [deity name]" } }
- Lev 18:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Leviticus.18.21", "source": "וּמִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֥ לֹא־תִתֵּ֖ן לְהַעֲבִ֣יר לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ וְלֹ֧א תְחַלֵּ֛ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *ûmizzarʿăkā* *lōʾ*-*tittēn* *ləhaʿăbîr* to *lammōlek* and *wəlōʾ* *təḥallēl* *ʾet*-*šēm* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ûmizzarʿăkā*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and from your seed/offspring", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall give", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to pass over", "*lammōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*təḥallēl*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall profane", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*mizzarʿăkā*": "from your seed/from your offspring/from your children", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice", "*təḥallēl*": "you shall profane/you shall defile/you shall violate" } }
- Jer 32:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.35", "source": "וַיִּבְנוּ֩ אֶת־בָּמ֨וֹת הַבַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם לְ֠הַעֲבִיר אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיהֶם֮ לַמֹּלֶךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְלֹ֤א עָֽלְתָה֙ עַל־לִבִּ֔י לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת הַתּוֹעֵבָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לְמַ֖עַן *החטי* *haḥăṭîʾ* אֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyibnû* *ʾet-bāmôt* *habbaʿal* which in *gêʾ ben-hinnōm* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾet-bənêhem* and *ʾet-bənôtêhem* to *hammōlek*, which not *ṣiwwîtîm* and not *ʿālətāh* upon *libbî* *laʿăśôt* *hattôʿēbāh* this, for *ləmaʿan* *haḥăṭîʾ* *ʾet-yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyibnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they built'", "*ʾet-bāmôt*": "direct object marker + feminine plural construct - 'the high places of'", "*habbaʿal*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Baal'", "*gêʾ ben-hinnōm*": "construct chain - 'valley of the son of Hinnom'", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to pass over'", "*ʾet-bənêhem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their sons'", "*ʾet-bənôtêhem*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their daughters'", "*hammōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Molech'", "*ṣiwwîtîm*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'I commanded them'", "*ʿālətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'it came up'", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my heart'", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the abomination'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to sin'", "*ʾet-yəhûdāh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms/shrines", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice", "*hammōlek*": "Molech (deity)/the king (as deity)", "*ʿālətāh* upon *libbî*": "came up on my heart (idiom for 'I never considered/intended')", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent practice", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "to cause to sin/to lead astray/to make guilty" } }
- 2 Kgs 17:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.17", "source": "וַֽ֠יַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ קְסָמִ֖ים וַיְנַחֵ֑שׁוּ וַיִּֽתְמַכְּר֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "And they *ʿābar* *ʾēt*-sons their and *ʾēt*-daughters their in the *ʾēš*, and they *qāsam* *qesem*, and they *nāḥaš*; and they *mākar* to *ʿāśâ* the *raʿ* in eyes of *YHWH* to *kāʿas* him.", "grammar": { "*ʿābar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they caused to pass through", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the fire", "*qāsam*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced divination", "*qesem*": "noun, masculine plural - divinations", "*nāḥaš*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced sorcery/used enchantments", "*mākar*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they sold themselves", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*kāʿas*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke/vex him" }, "variants": { "*ʿābar*": "cause to pass through/sacrifice/dedicate [to Molech]", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāsam*": "practice divination/soothsaying/fortune-telling", "*qesem*": "divinations/omens/oracles", "*nāḥaš*": "practice sorcery/use enchantments/observe signs", "*mākar*": "sell themselves/give themselves over/devote themselves", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wrong", "*kāʿas*": "provoke/vex/anger" } }
- Ezek 16:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.20", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֞י אֶת־בָּנַ֤יִךְ וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלַ֣דְתְּ לִ֔י וַתִּזְבָּחִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם לֶאֱכ֑וֹל הַמְעַ֖ט מִתַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wattiqqəḥî* *ʾet*-*bānayik* and *ʾet*-*bənôtayik* which *ʾăšer* *yāladt* to me, and *wattizbaḥîm* to them to *leʾĕkôl*. *haməʿaṭ* from *mittaznûtāyik*?", "grammar": { "*wattiqqəḥî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānayik*": "your sons, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bənôtayik*": "your daughters, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*yāladt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you bore/gave birth to", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you sacrificed them", "*leʾĕkôl*": "to eat/consume, preposition + qal infinitive construct", "*haməʿaṭ*": "interrogative particle + adjective - was it a small thing/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/harlotries, preposition + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*yāladt*": "you bore/you gave birth to/you delivered", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "you sacrificed them/you slaughtered them", "*haməʿaṭ*": "was it a small thing/was it insignificant/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/from your harlotries/from your acts of fornication" } }
- Lev 20:1-5 : 1 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.1", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yᵊdabbēr* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yᵊdabbēr*": "waw consecutive + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying/to say" }, "variants": { "*wə-yᵊdabbēr*": "and spoke/and said", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/commanding" } } 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.2", "source": "וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ תֹּאמַר֒ אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ֩ מִבְּנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּמִן־הַגֵּ֣ר ׀ הַגָּ֣ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן מִזַּרְע֛וֹ לַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת עַ֥ם הָאָ֖רֶץ יִרְגְּמֻ֥הוּ בָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ʾel*-*bᵊnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *tōʾmar* *ʾîš* *ʾîš* from-*bᵊnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *û-min*-*ha-gēr* *ha-gār* in-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾăšer* *yittēn* from-*zarʿô* to-*ha-mōlek* *môt* *yûmāt* *ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *yirgᵊmuhû* with-*hā-ʾāben*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bᵊnê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tōʾmar*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "noun repeated for emphasis - any man/each man", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*ha-gēr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the stranger/foreigner", "*ha-gār*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one sojourning", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*yittēn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - gives", "*zarʿô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*môt* *yûmāt*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - surely be put to death", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*yirgᵊmuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they shall stone him", "*bā-ʾāben*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the stone/stones" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "any man/every man/whoever", "*ha-gēr*": "foreigner/stranger/sojourner", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/his offspring/his children/his descendants", "*ha-mōlek*": "Molech (deity name)", "*môt* *yûmāt*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death", "*ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/community" } } 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.3", "source": "וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתֵּ֤ן אֶת־פָּנַי֙ בָּאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ מִקֶּ֣רֶב עַמּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ נָתַ֣ן לַמֹּ֔לֶךְ לְמַ֗עַן טַמֵּא֙ אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁ֔י וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*wa-ʾănî* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* from-*qereb* *ʿammô* *kî* from-*zarʿô* *nātan* to-*ha-mōlek* to-*maʿan* *ṭammēʾ* *ʾet*-*miqdāšî* *û-lᵊḥallēl* *ʾet*-*šēm* *qodšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st singular personal pronoun - and I", "*ʾettēn*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will set/place", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mi-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his seed", "*nātan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*lᵊ-maʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - in order to", "*ṭammēʾ*": "infinitive construct, Piel - defile", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*û-lᵊḥallēl*": "conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct, Piel - and to profane", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*qodšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my holiness" }, "variants": { "*ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/turn my face against/direct my attention against", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*mi-qereb*": "from among/from the midst of", "*ṭammēʾ*": "defile/make unclean/pollute", "*lᵊḥallēl*": "profane/desecrate/defile", "*šēm* *qodšî*": "my holy name" } } 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.4", "source": "וְאִ֡ם הַעְלֵ֣ם יַעְלִימֽוּ֩ עַ֨ם הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ מִן־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא בְּתִתּ֥וֹ מִזַּרְע֖וֹ לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ לְבִלְתִּ֖י הָמִ֥ית אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ʾim* *haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû* *ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-*ʿênêhem* from-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* in-*tittô* from-*zarʿô* to-*ha-mōlek* to-*biltî* *hāmît* *ʾōtô*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - certainly hide/surely hide", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾet*-*ʿênêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*min*-*hā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*bᵊ-tittô*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he gives", "*mi-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his seed", "*la-mōlek*": "preposition + proper noun - to Molech", "*lᵊ-biltî*": "preposition + negative particle - so as not to", "*hāmît*": "infinitive construct, Hiphil - kill/put to death", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*haʿlēm* *yaʿlîmû*": "deliberately ignore/willfully disregard/surely hide", "*ʿam* *hā-ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/community", "*ʿênêhem*": "their eyes/their attention", "*tittô*": "when he gives/when he offers", "*lᵊ-biltî*": "so as not to/without/failing to" } } 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.5", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־פָּנַ֛י בָּאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא וּבְמִשְׁפַּחְתּ֑וֹ וְהִכְרַתִּ֨י אֹת֜וֹ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wᵊ-śamtî* *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* and-in-*mišpaḥtô* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* and-*ʾēt* all-*ha-zōnîm* after-him to-*liznôt* after *ha-mōlek* from-midst *ʿammām*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-śamtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*û-bᵊ-mišpaḥtô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and against his family", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wᵊ-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*-*ha-zōnîm*": "construct + definite article + participle, masculine plural - all those committing harlotry", "*ʾaḥărâw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha-mōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - Molech", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people" }, "variants": { "*śamtî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*mišpaḥtô*": "his family/his clan/his relatives", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*ha-zōnîm*": "those who prostitute themselves/those who are unfaithful/those who commit harlotry", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*ʿammām*": "their people/their community" } }
- Deut 12:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.31", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂ֣ה כֵ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּי֩ כָּל־תּוֹעֲבַ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֗א עָשׂוּ֙ לֵאלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־בְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ בָאֵ֖שׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*taʿăśeh* *kēn* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā*, for all-*tôʿăḇaṯ* *YHWH* which *śānēʾ* *ʿāśû* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*, for also *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêhem* *yiśrəp̄û* in-*ʾēš* to-*ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăśeh*": "imperfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will do/make", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + noun, proper name - to the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*śānēʾ*": "perfect Qal, 3rd masculine singular - he hates/hated", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect Qal, 3rd common plural - they did/made", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bənôṯêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they burn", "*ḇā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*lē-ʾĕlōhêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/for their gods" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "do/make/perform", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/your gods (plural form with singular meaning)", "*tôʿăḇaṯ*": "abomination/detestable thing/offensive practice", "*śānēʾ*": "hates/abhors/detests", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "their gods/their deities", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/their male children", "*bənôṯêhem*": "their daughters/their female children", "*yiśrəp̄û*": "burn/consume with fire", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } }
- Josh 15:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Joshua.15.8", "source": "וְעָלָ֨ה הַגְּב֜וּל גֵּ֣י בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם אֶל־כֶּ֤תֶף הַיְבוּסִי֙ מִנֶּ֔גֶב הִ֖יא יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְעָלָ֨ה הַגְּב֜וּל אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֗ר אֲ֠שֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵ֤י גֵֽי־הִנֹּם֙ יָ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֛ר בִּקְצֵ֥ה עֵֽמֶק־רְפָאִ֖ים צָפֹֽנָה׃", "text": "*wəʿālāh* the-*gəbûl* *gê* son-of-*Hinnōm* unto-*ketep* the-*Yəbûsî* from-*negeb* she *Yərûšālāim* *wəʿālāh* the-*gəbûl* unto-*rōʾš* the-*hār* which upon-*pənê* *gê*-*Hinnōm* *yāmmāh* which in-*qəṣēh* *ʿēmeq*-*Rəpāʾîm* *ṣāpōnāh*.", "grammar": { "*wəʿālāh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went up", "*gəbûl*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the border/territory", "*gê*": "construct noun, masculine singular - valley of", "*Hinnōm*": "proper noun - Hinnom", "*ketep*": "construct noun, feminine singular - shoulder/side of", "*Yəbûsî*": "definite proper noun with gentilic ending - the Jebusite", "*negeb*": "noun, masculine singular - south/Negev", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*rōʾš*": "construct noun, masculine singular - top/head of", "*hār*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the mountain", "*pənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - face of", "*yāmmāh*": "noun + directional heh - westward", "*qəṣēh*": "construct noun, masculine singular - end/extremity of", "*ʿēmeq*": "construct noun, masculine singular - valley of", "*Rəpāʾîm*": "proper noun - Rephaim", "*ṣāpōnāh*": "noun + directional heh - northward" }, "variants": { "*gê*": "valley/ravine", "*ketep*": "shoulder/side/slope", "*rōʾš*": "top/head/summit", "*pənê*": "face/surface/front", "*qəṣēh*": "end/extremity/edge", "*ʿēmeq*": "valley/vale/plain" } }
- 2 Kgs 23:20 : 20 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.20", "source": "וַ֠יִּזְבַּח אֶת־כָּל־כֹּהֲנֵ֨י הַבָּמ֤וֹת אֲשֶׁר־שָׁם֙ עַל־הַֽמִּזְבְּח֔וֹת וַיִּשְׂרֹ֛ף אֶת־עַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּ֖שָׁב יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And-*wayyizbaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-all-*kōhănê* the-*bāmôṯ* which-[were] there on-the-*mizbəḥôṯ*, and-*wayyiśrōp̄* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿaṣmôṯ* *ʾāḏām* upon-them, and-*wayyāšoḇ* *yərûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyizbaḥ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he slaughtered/sacrificed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kōhănê*": "masculine plural construct noun - priests of", "*bāmôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - high places", "*mizbəḥôṯ*": "masculine plural noun - altars", "*wayyiśrōp̄*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he burned", "*ʿaṣmôṯ*": "feminine plural construct noun - bones of", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/human", "*wayyāšoḇ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbaḥ*": "slaughtered/sacrificed/killed", "*kōhănê*": "priests/officiants", "*bāmôṯ*": "high places/shrines/cult platforms", "*mizbəḥôṯ*": "altars/places of sacrifice", "*wayyiśrōp̄*": "burned/consumed with fire", "*ʿaṣmôṯ*": "bones/remains", "*ʾāḏām*": "human/person/man", "*wayyāšoḇ*": "returned/went back" } }
- 2 Chr 28:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.3", "source": "וְה֥וּא הִקְטִ֖יר בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֑ם וַיַּבְעֵ֤ר אֶת־בָּנָיו֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ כְּתֹֽעֲבוֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wəhûʾ* *hiqṭîr* *bəgêʾ* *ben*-*Hinnōm* *wayyaḇʿêr* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *bāʾêsh* *kətôʿaḇôt* *haggôyim* *ʾasher* *hôrîsh* *YHWH* *mippənê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾêl*", "grammar": { "*wəhûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - and he", "*hiqṭîr*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - he burned incense/made sacrifices", "*bəgêʾ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ben*-*Hinnōm*": "construct state + proper noun - son of Hinnom", "*wayyaḇʿêr*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and he burned/caused to burn", "*ʾet*-*bānāyw*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*bāʾêsh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the fire", "*kətôʿaḇôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - like abominations of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*hôrîsh*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - dispossessed/drove out", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mippənê*": "preposition + plural construct - from before", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hiqṭîr*": "burned incense/offered sacrifice by burning", "*gêʾ* *ben*-*Hinnōm*": "Valley of Ben-Hinnom/Valley of the son of Hinnom (later Gehenna)", "*wayyaḇʿêr*": "burned/consumed/caused to burn", "*hôrîsh*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } }
- 2 Chr 33:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.33.6", "source": "וְהוּא֩ הֶעֱבִ֨יר אֶת־בָּנָ֤יו בָּאֵשׁ֙ בְּגֵ֣י בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם וְעוֹנֵ֤ן וְנִחֵשׁ֙ וְֽכִשֵּׁ֔ף וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעוֹנִ֑י הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Wehûʾ* *heʿĕvîr* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *bāʾêsh* *begê* *ven*-*hinnom* *weʿônên* *weniḥêsh* *wekhishshêf* *weʿāsāh* *ʾôv* *weyiddeʿônî* *hirbāh* *laʿăsôt* *hāraʿ* *beʿênê* *YHWH* *lehakhʿîsô*", "grammar": { "*Wehûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*heʿĕvîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to pass", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*bāʾêsh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the fire", "*begê*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ven*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*hinnom*": "proper noun - Hinnom", "*weʿônên*": "conjunction + Poel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced soothsaying", "*weniḥêsh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced divination", "*wekhishshêf*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced sorcery", "*weʿāsāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he made/practiced", "*ʾôv*": "masculine singular noun - medium/necromancer", "*weyiddeʿônî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - spiritist/wizard", "*hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - multiplied/increased", "*laʿăsôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the evil", "*beʿênê*": "preposition + construct plural of עַיִן - in eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*lehakhʿîsô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke him to anger" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕvîr* *bāʾêsh*": "passed through fire/burned as offering", "*ʿônên*": "practiced soothsaying/used fortune-telling/observed omens", "*niḥêsh*": "practiced divination/used enchantments", "*khishshêf*": "practiced sorcery/witchcraft", "*ʾôv*": "medium/necromancer/ghost conjurer", "*yiddeʿônî*": "spiritist/wizard/familiar spirit" } }
- Ps 106:37-38 : 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.37", "source": "וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ אֶת־בְּ֭נֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לַשֵּֽׁדִים׃", "text": "*wayyizbəḥū* *'et*-*bənêhem* and-*'et*-*bənōtêhem* to-*šēdîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sacrificed", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*šēdîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - demons" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "and they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/male children", "*bənōtêhem*": "their daughters/female children", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.38", "source": "וַיִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ דָ֪ם נָקִ֡י דַּם־בְּנֵ֘יהֶ֤ם וּֽבְנוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר זִ֭בְּחוּ לַעֲצַבֵּ֣י כְנָ֑עַן וַתֶּחֱנַ֥ף הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ בַּדָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišpəkū* *dām* *nāqî* *dam*-*bənêhem* and-*bənōtêhem* which *zibəḥū* to-*'ăṣabbê* *Kənā'an* *watteḥĕnaf* *hā'āreṣ* with-*dāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they shed", "*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - innocent", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*zibəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sacrificed", "*'ăṣabbê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - idols of", "*Kənā'an*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was polluted", "*hā'āreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine, singular - the land", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - blood" }, "variants": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "and they shed/poured out/spilled", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*zibəḥū*": "they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*'ăṣabbê*": "idols of/graven images of", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "and it was polluted/defiled/profaned", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } }
- Jer 19:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.19.2", "source": "וְיָצָ֙אתָ֙ אֶל־גֵּ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֕ר פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר *החרסות **הַֽחַרְסִ֑ית וְקָרָ֣אתָ שָּׁ֔ם אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁר־אֲדַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*yāṣāʾtā* to-*gêʾ* *ben*-*hinnōm* *ʾăšer* *petaḥ* *šaʿar* *haḥarsîṯ* and-*qārāʾtā* there *ʾeṯ*-the-*dəḇārîm* which-*ʾădabbēr* to-you.", "grammar": { "*yāṣāʾtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall go out", "*gêʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*hinnōm*": "proper noun - Hinnom", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*petaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - entrance of", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - gate of", "*haḥarsîṯ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the potsherd/earthenware", "*qārāʾtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall proclaim", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words", "*ʾădabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 1st common singular - I will speak" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾtā*": "go out/exit/depart", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*hinnōm*": "proper name Hinnom", "*petaḥ*": "entrance/opening/doorway", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance", "*haḥarsîṯ*": "the pottery/earthenware/potsherds (note textual variant *החרסות*)", "*qārāʾtā*": "proclaim/announce/read aloud", "*dəḇārîm*": "words/matters/things" } }
- Jer 19:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.19.5", "source": "וּבָנ֞וּ אֶת־בָּמ֣וֹת הַבַּ֗עַל לִשְׂרֹ֧ף אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֛ם בָּאֵ֖שׁ עֹל֣וֹת לַבָּ֑עַל אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־צִוִּ֙יתִי֙ וְלֹ֣א דִבַּ֔רְתִּי וְלֹ֥א עָלְתָ֖ה עַל־לִבִּֽי׃ פ", "text": "And-*bānû* *ʾeṯ*-*bāmôṯ* the-*baʿal* to-*śərōp̄* *ʾeṯ*-*bənêhem* in-the-*ʾēš* *ʿōlôṯ* to-the-*bāʿal* *ʾăšer* not-*ṣiwwîṯî* and-not *dibbartî* and-not *ʿālṯāh* upon-*libbî*.", "grammar": { "*bānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they built", "*bāmôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - high places of", "*baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal", "*śərōp̄*": "qal infinitive construct - to burn", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿōlôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*bāʿal*": "proper noun - Baal", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ṣiwwîṯî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I commanded", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I spoke", "*ʿālṯāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it came up", "*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*bānû*": "built/constructed/established", "*bāmôṯ*": "high places/shrines/altars", "*baʿal*": "Baal (deity name)", "*śərōp̄*": "to burn/consume by fire", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/children/descendants", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*ʿōlôṯ*": "burnt offerings/holocausts/sacrifices", "*ṣiwwîṯî*": "I commanded/ordered/instructed", "*dibbartî*": "I spoke/said/declared", "*ʿālṯāh*": "came up/ascended/entered", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.19.6", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן הִנֵּֽה־יָמִ֤ים בָּאִים֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹא־יִקָּרֵא֩ לַמָּק֨וֹם הַזֶּ֥ה ע֛וֹד הַתֹּ֖פֶת וְגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֑ם כִּ֖י אִם־גֵּ֥יא הַהֲרֵגָֽה׃", "text": "Therefore *hinnēh*-*yāmîm* *bāʾîm* *nəʾum*-*Yhwh* and-not-*yiqqārēʾ* to-the-*māqôm* the-this any-longer the-*tōp̄eṯ* and-*gêʾ* *ben*-*hinnōm*, but-rather-*gêʾ* the-*hărēḡāh*.", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*bāʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - coming", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD/YHWH", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be called", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*tōp̄eṯ*": "proper noun - Topheth", "*gêʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*hinnōm*": "proper noun - Hinnom", "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction - but rather", "*gêʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*hărēḡāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the slaughter" }, "variants": { "*lāḵēn*": "therefore/thus/so", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*yāmîm*": "days/time", "*bāʾîm*": "coming/approaching/arriving", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "will be called/named/known as", "*tōp̄eṯ*": "Topheth (place name)", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine", "*hinnōm*": "Hinnom (proper name)", "*hărēḡāh*": "slaughter/killing/massacre" } }