1{
"verseID": "Judges.12.1",
"source": "וַיִּצָּעֵק֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר צָפ֑וֹנָה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ לְיִפְתָּ֜ח מַדּ֣וּעַ ׀ עָבַ֣רְתָּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּבְנֵי־עַמּ֗וֹן וְלָ֙נוּ֙ לֹ֤א קָרָ֙אתָ֙ לָלֶ֣כֶת עִמָּ֔ךְ בֵּיתְךָ֕ נִשְׂרֹ֥ף עָלֶ֖יךָ בָּאֵֽשׁ",
"text": "And *wayiṣṣāʿēq* *ʾîš* *ʾep̄rayim* and *wayyaʿăḇōr* *ṣāp̄ônāh* and *wayyōʾmərû* to-*yip̄tāḥ* *maddûaʿ* *ʿāḇartā* to-*lehillāḥēm* in-*bənê*-*ʿammôn* and-to-us not *qārāʾtā* to-*lāleḵeṯ* with-you *bêṯəḵā* *niśrōp̄* upon-you *bāʾēš*",
"grammar": {
"*wayiṣṣāʿēq*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he/it was called out/was summoned",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - man of",
"*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim (tribe)",
"*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he crossed over/passed",
"*ṣāp̄ônāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional heh - northward",
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said",
"*yip̄tāḥ*": "proper noun - Jephthah",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative - why",
"*ʿāḇartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you crossed over/passed",
"*lehillāḥēm*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon",
"*qārāʾtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you called",
"*lāleḵeṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go/walk",
"*bêṯəḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your house",
"*niśrōp̄*": "Qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will burn",
"*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - with the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*wayiṣṣāʿēq*": "was gathered/was called together/was mustered",
"*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "passed over/crossed/traveled",
"*ṣāp̄ônāh*": "northward/to Zaphon",
"*niśrōp̄*": "we will burn/consume/destroy by fire"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Judges.12.2",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יִפְתָּח֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אִ֣ישׁ רִ֗יב הָיִ֛יתִי אֲנִ֛י וְעַמִּ֥י וּבְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן מְאֹ֑ד וָאֶזְעַ֣ק אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־הוֹשַׁעְתֶּ֥ם אוֹתִ֖י מִיָּדָֽם",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *yip̄tāḥ* to-them *ʾîš* *rîḇ* *hāyîṯî* I and-*ʿammî* and-*bənê*-*ʿammôn* *məʾōḏ* and *wāʾezʿaq* you[plural] and-not-*hôšaʿtem* me from-*miyyāḏām*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*yip̄tāḥ*": "proper noun - Jephthah",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - man of",
"*rîḇ*": "masculine singular noun - strife/controversy/dispute",
"*hāyîṯî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I was/became",
"*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st common singular suffix - my people",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon",
"*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly/greatly",
"*wāʾezʿaq*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I called/cried out",
"*hôšaʿtem*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - you[plural] saved/delivered",
"*miyyāḏām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their hand"
},
"variants": {
"*rîḇ*": "strife/dispute/quarrel/controversy/legal case",
"*hāyîṯî*": "I was/I became/I happened to be",
"*wāʾezʿaq*": "I called out/I cried out for help/I summoned",
"*hôšaʿtem*": "saved/delivered/rescued/helped"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Judges.12.3",
"source": "וָֽאֶרְאֶ֞ה כִּֽי־אֵינְךָ֣ מוֹשִׁ֗יע וָאָשִׂ֨ימָה נַפְשִׁ֤י בְכַפִּי֙ וָֽאֶעְבְּרָה֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדִ֑י וְלָמָ֞ה עֲלִיתֶ֥ם אֵלַ֛י הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה לְהִלָּ֥חֶם בִּֽי",
"text": "And *wāʾerʾeh* that-*ʾênəḵā* *môšîaʿ* and *wāʾāśîmāh* *nap̄šî* in-*ḇəḵappî* and *wāʾeʿbərāh* to-*bənê* *ʿammôn* and *wayyittənēm* *YHWH* in-*bəyāḏî* and-why *ʿălîṯem* to-me *hayyôm* *hazzeh* to-*lehillāḥem* against-me",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾerʾeh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I saw",
"*ʾênəḵā*": "negative particle + 2nd masculine singular suffix - you are not",
"*môšîaʿ*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - saving/delivering/helping",
"*wāʾāśîmāh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - and I put/placed",
"*nap̄šî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st common singular suffix - my soul/life",
"*ḇəḵappî*": "preposition + feminine dual noun + 1st common singular suffix - in my palms/hands",
"*wāʾeʿbərāh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - and I crossed over",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon",
"*wayyittənēm*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he gave them",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*bəyāḏî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st common singular suffix - into my hand",
"*ʿălîṯem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have come up",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*lehillāḥem*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - to fight"
},
"variants": {
"*môšîaʿ*": "deliverer/savior/rescuer",
"*nap̄šî*": "my life/soul/self/person",
"*ḇəḵappî*": "in my hands/in my palms [idiom for risking one's life]",
"*wāʾeʿbərāh*": "I crossed over/I passed through/I went across"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Judges.12.4",
"source": "וַיִּקְבֹּ֤ץ יִפְתָּח֙ אֶת־כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י גִלְעָ֔ד וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם אֶת־אֶפְרָ֑יִם וַיַּכּוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י גִלְעָ֜ד אֶת־אֶפְרַ֗יִם כִּ֤י אָמְרוּ֙ פְּלִיטֵ֤י אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אַתֶּ֔ם גִּלְעָ֕ד בְּת֥וֹךְ אֶפְרַ֖יִם בְּת֥וֹךְ מְנַשֶּֽׁה",
"text": "And *wayyiqbōṣ* *yip̄tāḥ* *ʾeṯ*-all-*ʾanšê* *gilʿāḏ* and *wayyillāḥem* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾep̄rāyim* and *wayyakkû* *ʾanšê* *gilʿāḏ* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾep̄rayim* because *ʾāmərû* *pəlîṭê* *ʾep̄rayim* [are] you[plural], *gilʿāḏ* in-midst *ʾep̄rayim* in-midst *mənaššeh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqbōṣ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered",
"*yip̄tāḥ*": "proper noun - Jephthah",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*gilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead",
"*wayyillāḥem*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fought",
"*ʾep̄rāyim*": "proper noun - Ephraim",
"*wayyakkû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they struck/defeated",
"*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they said",
"*pəlîṭê*": "masculine plural construct - fugitives/escapees of",
"*mənaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqbōṣ*": "gathered/assembled/brought together",
"*wayyillāḥem*": "fought against/battled/engaged in combat",
"*wayyakkû*": "struck/defeated/attacked/slaughtered",
"*pəlîṭê*": "fugitives/escapees/survivors/refugees"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Judges.12.5",
"source": "וַיִּלְכֹּ֥ד גִּלְעָ֛ד אֶֽת־מַעְבְּר֥וֹת הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לְאֶפְרָ֑יִם וְֽ֠הָיָה כִּ֣י יֹאמְר֞וּ פְּלִיטֵ֤י אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶעֱבֹ֔רָה וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּ ל֧וֹ אַנְשֵֽׁי־גִלְעָ֛ד הַֽאֶפְרָתִ֥י אַ֖תָּה וַיֹּ֥אמֶֽר ׀ לֹֽא",
"text": "And *wayyilkōḏ* *gilʿāḏ* *ʾeṯ*-*maʿbərôṯ* *hayyardēn* to-*ʾep̄rāyim* and-*wəhāyāh* when *yōʾmərû* *pəlîṭê* *ʾep̄rayim* *ʾeʿĕḇōrāh* and *wayyōʾmərû* to-him *ʾanšê*-*gilʿāḏ* *haʾep̄rāṯî* [are] you and *wayyōʾmer* no",
"grammar": {
"*wayyilkōḏ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he/it captured",
"*gilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*maʿbərôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - fords/crossings of",
"*hayyardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan",
"*wəhāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass",
"*yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they would say",
"*pəlîṭê*": "masculine plural construct - fugitives/escapees of",
"*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim",
"*ʾeʿĕḇōrāh*": "Qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - let me cross over",
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*haʾep̄rāṯî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Ephraimite",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyilkōḏ*": "captured/seized/took control of",
"*maʿbərôṯ*": "fords/crossings/passages",
"*ʾeʿĕḇōrāh*": "let me cross over/let me pass through",
"*haʾep̄rāṯî*": "Ephrathite/Ephraimite"
}
}