Verse 6

{ "verseID": "Lamentations.5.6", "source": "מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ נָתַ֣נּוּ יָ֔ד אַשּׁ֖וּר לִשְׂבֹּ֥עַֽ לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "*miṣrayim* *nāṯannû* *yāḏ*, *ʾaššûr* to-*śḇōaʿ* *lāḥem*", "grammar": { "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*nāṯannû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have given", "*yāḏ*": "noun feminine singular - hand", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*śḇōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - to be satisfied with", "*lāḥem*": "noun masculine singular - bread/food" }, "variants": { "*nāṯannû* *yāḏ*": "we have given hand/submitted/surrendered", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/submission", "*śḇōaʿ*": "to be satisfied/have enough/be filled with", "*lāḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Hos 9:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.3", "source": "לֹ֥א יֵשְׁב֖וּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ יְהוָ֑ה וְשָׁ֤ב אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַ֔יִם וּבְאַשּׁ֖וּר טָמֵ֥א יֹאכֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "Not *yēšbû* in-*ʾereṣ* *YHWH* and-*šāb* *ʾeprayim* *miṣrayim* and-in-*ʾaššûr* *ṭāmēʾ* *yōʾkēlû*.", "grammar": { "*yēšbû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will dwell/remain'", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*šāb*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'returned/will return'", "*ʾeprayim*": "proper noun - 'Ephraim' (northern kingdom)", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - 'Assyria'", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'unclean/defiled'", "*yōʾkēlû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will eat'" }, "variants": { "*yēšbû*": "they will dwell/they will remain/they will inhabit", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*šāb*": "returned/will return/turned back", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/defiled/impure food", "*yōʾkēlû*": "they will eat/they will consume" } }
  • Hos 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.12.1", "source": "סְבָבֻ֤נִי בְכַ֙חַשׁ֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וּבְמִרְמָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וִֽיהוּדָ֗ה עֹ֥ד רָד֙ עִם־אֵ֔ל וְעִם־קְדוֹשִׁ֖ים נֶאֱמָֽן׃", "text": "*sĕbābunî* in-*kaḥaš* *ʾeprayim* *û*-in-*mirmâ* *bêt yiśrāʾēl* *vî-yĕhûdâ* yet *rād* with-*ʾēl* *vĕ*-with-*qĕdôšîm* *neʾĕmān*", "grammar": { "*sĕbābunî*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd plural with 1st singular suffix - they surround me", "*kaḥaš*": "noun, masculine singular - deceit/falsehood/lies", "*ʾeprayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (tribe/kingdom)", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/treachery", "*bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "construct phrase - house of Israel", "*vî-yĕhûdâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Judah", "*rād*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - roams/wanders/rules", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/divine being", "*vĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*qĕdôšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy ones/saints", "*neʾĕmān*": "verb, niphal participle masculine singular - faithful/trustworthy" }, "variants": { "*sĕbābunî*": "surround me/encompass me/encircle me", "*kaḥaš*": "deceit/lying/falsehood", "*rād*": "wanders/roams/rules/dominates", "*ʾēl*": "God/divine being/power", "*qĕdôšîm*": "holy ones/saints/holy beings" } }
  • Gen 24:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.24.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֗ם אֶל־עַבְדּוֹ֙ זְקַ֣ן בֵּית֔וֹ הַמֹּשֵׁ֖ל בְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑וֹ שִֽׂים־נָ֥א יָדְךָ֖ תַּ֥חַת יְרֵכִֽי׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *ʾaḇrāhām* *ʾel-ʿaḇdô* *zəqan* *bêṯô* *hammōšēl* *bəḵāl-ʾăšer-lô* *śîm-nāʾ* *yāḏḵā* *taḥaṯ* *yərēḵî*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - to", "*ʿaḇdô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*zəqan*": "adjective construct - elder of", "*bêṯô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*hammōšēl*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one ruling", "*bəḵāl-*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - over all", "*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - that was to him", "*śîm-nāʾ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular + particle of entreaty - place please", "*yāḏḵā*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - under", "*yərēḵî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my thigh" }, "variants": { "*zəqan* *bêṯô*": "eldest of his house/oldest servant of his household", "*hammōšēl* *bəḵāl-ʾăšer-lô*": "who ruled over all that he had/who managed everything he owned", "*taḥaṯ* *yərēḵî*": "under my thigh/beneath my loins (euphemism for oath-taking gesture)" } }
  • 2 Kgs 10:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.10.15", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ מִשָּׁ֡ם וַיִּמְצָ֣א אֶת־יְהוֹנָדָב֩ בֶּן־רֵכָ֨ב לִקְרָאת֜וֹ וַֽיְבָרְכֵ֗הוּ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו הֲיֵ֧שׁ אֶת־לְבָבְךָ֣ יָשָׁ֗ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר לְבָבִי֙ עִם־לְבָבֶ֔ךָ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹנָדָ֥ב יֵ֛שׁ וָיֵ֖שׁ תְּנָ֣ה אֶת־יָדֶ֑ךָ וַיִּתֵּ֣ן יָד֔וֹ וַיַּעֲלֵ֥הוּ אֵלָ֖יו אֶל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyēlek* from there and *wayyimṣāʾ* *ʾet-yĕhônādāb* *ben-rēkāb* Jehonadab son of Rechab *liqrāʾtô* to meet him and *wayĕbārĕkēhû* blessed him and *wayyōʾmer* to him, *hăyēš* *ʾet-lĕbābĕkā* *yāšār* is your heart right/straight *kaʾăšer* *lĕbābî* *ʿim-lĕbābekā* as my heart with your heart? And *wayyōʾmer* *yĕhônādāb* *yēš* *wāyēš* is and is, *tĕnāh* *ʾet-yādekā* give your hand. And *wayyittēn* *yādô* his hand and *wayyaʿălēhû* *ʾēlāyw* *ʾel-hammerkābāh* up to him to the chariot.", "grammar": { "*wayyēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*wayyimṣāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he found", "*ʾet-yĕhônādāb*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Jehonadab", "*ben-rēkāb*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Rechab", "*liqrāʾtô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to meet him", "*wayĕbārĕkēhû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he blessed him", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hăyēš*": "interrogative particle + adverb of existence - is there?", "*ʾet-lĕbābĕkā*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*yāšār*": "adjective masculine singular - right/straight/upright", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - just as/according to", "*lĕbābî*": "noun masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my heart", "*ʿim-lĕbābekā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your heart", "*yĕhônādāb*": "proper noun - Jehonadab", "*yēš* *wāyēš*": "adverb of existence + waw conjunction + adverb of existence - there is and there is (emphatic affirmation)", "*tĕnāh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - give", "*ʾet-yādekā*": "direct object marker + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*yādô*": "noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*wayyaʿălēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he brought him up", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾel-hammerkābāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - to the chariot" }, "variants": { "*liqrāʾtô*": "to meet him/to encounter him", "*wayĕbārĕkēhû*": "blessed him/greeted him", "*yāšār*": "right/straight/upright/honest", "*yēš* *wāyēš*": "it is and it is/indeed yes/absolutely yes", "*tĕnāh*": "give/present/extend", "*wayyaʿălēhû*": "brought him up/helped him up/lifted him" } }
  • Isa 30:1-6 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.1", "source": "הוֹי בָּנִים סוֹרְרִים נְאֻם־יְהוָה לַעֲשׂוֹת עֵצָה וְלֹא מִנִּי וְלִנְסֹךְ מַסֵּכָה וְלֹא רוּחִי לְמַעַן סְפוֹת חַטָּאת עַל־חַטָּאת׃", "text": "*Hōy* *bānîm* *sōrerîm* *neʾum*-*Yhwh* to do *ʿēṣâ* and not from me, and to pour out *massēkâ* and not [of] my *rûaḥ*, for the sake of adding *ḥaṭṭāʾt* upon *ḥaṭṭāʾt*.", "grammar": { "*Hōy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children", "*sōrerîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - rebellious/stubborn ones", "*neʾum*": "construct noun - utterance/declaration of", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿēṣâ*": "feminine singular noun - counsel/plan/advice", "*massēkâ*": "feminine singular noun - molten image/libation", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my spirit/breath", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "feminine singular noun - sin/offense" }, "variants": { "*Hōy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*sōrerîm*": "rebellious/stubborn/defiant", "*neʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*ʿēṣâ*": "counsel/plan/advice/design", "*massēkâ*": "molten image/cast idol/libation", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/offense/punishment for sin" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.2", "source": "הַהֹלְכִים לָרֶדֶת מִצְרַיִם וּפִי לֹא שָׁאָלוּ לָעוֹז בְּמָעוֹז פַּרְעֹה וְלַחְסוֹת בְּצֵל מִצְרָיִם׃", "text": "The ones *hahōlekîm* to go down [to] *Miṣrayim* and my *pî* not they *šāʾālû* to be strong in the *māʿōz* of *Parʿōh* and to find refuge in the shadow of *Miṣrayim*.", "grammar": { "*hahōlekîm*": "qal participle masculine plural with definite article - the ones going/walking", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*pî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mouth", "*šāʾālû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they asked/inquired", "*māʿōz*": "masculine singular construct - stronghold/refuge of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh" }, "variants": { "*hahōlekîm*": "the ones going/walking/proceeding", "*Miṣrayim*": "Egypt (dual form)", "*pî*": "my mouth/command/word", "*šāʾālû*": "they asked/inquired/consulted", "*māʿōz*": "stronghold/refuge/protection", "*Parʿōh*": "Pharaoh (title of Egyptian kings)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.3", "source": "וְהָיָה לָכֶם מָעוֹז פַּרְעֹה לְבֹשֶׁת וְהֶחָסוּת בְּצֵל־מִצְרַיִם לִכְלִמָּה׃", "text": "And it shall *hāyâ* for you [the] *māʿōz* of *Parʿōh* for *bōšet*, and the refuge in [the] shadow of *Miṣrayim* for *kelimmâ*.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it was/became/will be", "*māʿōz*": "masculine singular construct - stronghold/refuge of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*bōšet*": "feminine singular noun - shame/disgrace", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*kelimmâ*": "feminine singular noun - disgrace/dishonor/humiliation" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "was/became/will be", "*māʿōz*": "stronghold/refuge/protection", "*Parʿōh*": "Pharaoh (title of Egyptian kings)", "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace/disappointment", "*kelimmâ*": "disgrace/dishonor/humiliation/reproach" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.4", "source": "כִּי־הָיוּ בְצֹעַן שָׂרָיו וּמַלְאָכָיו חָנֵס יַגִּיעוּ׃", "text": "For they *hāyû* in *Ṣōʿan* his *śārâyw* and his *malʾākâyw* [to] *Ḥānēs* *yaggîʿû*.", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they were/became", "*Ṣōʿan*": "proper noun - Zoan (city in Egypt)", "*śārâyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his officials/princes", "*malʾākâyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his messengers/envoys", "*Ḥānēs*": "proper noun - Hanes (city in Egypt)", "*yaggîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will reach/arrive" }, "variants": { "*hāyû*": "they were/became/have been", "*Ṣōʿan*": "Zoan (ancient city in Egypt's Nile Delta)", "*śārâyw*": "his officials/princes/leaders", "*malʾākâyw*": "his messengers/envoys/ambassadors", "*Ḥānēs*": "Hanes (Egyptian city, likely Heracleopolis)", "*yaggîʿû*": "they will reach/arrive/come to" } } 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.5", "source": "כֹּל הבאיש הֹבִישׁ עַל־עַם לֹא־יוֹעִילוּ לָמוֹ לֹא לְעֵזֶר וְלֹא לְהוֹעִיל כִּי לְבֹשֶׁת וְגַם־לְחֶרְפָּה׃", "text": "All *hōbîš* upon a people [that] not *yôʿîlû* to them, not for help and not for profit, but for *bōšet* and also for *ḥerpâ*.", "grammar": { "*hōbîš*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he caused shame/made ashamed", "*yôʿîlû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will profit/benefit", "*bōšet*": "feminine singular noun - shame/disgrace", "*ḥerpâ*": "feminine singular noun - reproach/disgrace" }, "variants": { "*hōbîš*": "he caused shame/made ashamed/brought to disgrace", "*yôʿîlû*": "they will profit/benefit/be of use", "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace/disappointment", "*ḥerpâ*": "reproach/disgrace/scorn/insult" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.6", "source": "מַשָּׂא בַּהֲמוֹת נֶגֶב בְּאֶרֶץ צָרָה וְצוּקָה לָבִיא וָלַיִשׁ מֵהֶם אֶפְעֶה וְשָׂרָף מְעוֹפֵף יִשְׂאוּ עַל־כֶּתֶף עֲיָרִים חֵילֵהֶם וְעַל־דַּבֶּשֶׁת גְּמַלִּים אוֹצְרֹתָם עַל־עַם לֹא יוֹעִילוּ׃", "text": "*Maśśāʾ* of *bahămôt* [of the] *negeb*: in a land of *ṣārâ* and *ṣûqâ*, *lābîʾ* and *layiš* from them, *ʾepʿeh* and *śārāp* *meʿôpēp*, they *yiśʾû* upon [the] shoulder of *ʿăyārîm* their *ḥêlēhem*, and upon [the] hump of *gemallîm* their *ʾôṣerōtām*, to a people [that] will not *yôʿîlû*.", "grammar": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "masculine singular construct - burden/oracle concerning", "*bahămôt*": "feminine plural noun - beasts/animals", "*negeb*": "proper noun - Negev/South", "*ṣārâ*": "feminine singular noun - distress/trouble", "*ṣûqâ*": "feminine singular noun - distress/pressure", "*lābîʾ*": "masculine singular noun - lion", "*layiš*": "masculine singular noun - lion", "*ʾepʿeh*": "feminine singular noun - viper/adder", "*śārāp*": "masculine singular noun - fiery serpent", "*meʿôpēp*": "polel participle masculine singular - flying", "*yiśʾû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will carry/bear", "*ʿăyārîm*": "masculine plural noun - young donkeys", "*ḥêlēhem*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wealth/strength", "*gemallîm*": "masculine plural noun - camels", "*ʾôṣerōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their treasures", "*yôʿîlû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will profit/benefit" }, "variants": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "burden/oracle/prophecy", "*bahămôt*": "beasts/animals/cattle", "*negeb*": "Negev/South/southern region", "*ṣārâ*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*ṣûqâ*": "distress/pressure/constraint", "*lābîʾ*": "lion (older male lion)", "*layiš*": "lion (strong lion)", "*ʾepʿeh*": "viper/adder/poisonous snake", "*śārāp*": "fiery serpent/seraph/burning one", "*meʿôpēp*": "flying/hovering/fluttering", "*yiśʾû*": "they will carry/bear/lift", "*ʿăyārîm*": "young donkeys/male donkeys/colts", "*ḥêlēhem*": "their wealth/strength/resources", "*gemallîm*": "camels", "*ʾôṣerōtām*": "their treasures/riches/storehouses", "*yôʿîlû*": "they will profit/benefit/be of use" } }
  • Isa 31:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.1", "source": "הוֹי הַיֹּרְדִים מִצְרַיִם לְעֶזְרָה עַל־סוּסִים יִשָּׁעֵנוּ וַיִּבְטְחוּ עַל־רֶכֶב כִּי רָב וְעַל פָּרָשִׁים כִּי־עָצְמוּ מְאֹד וְלֹא שָׁעוּ עַל־קְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֶת־יְהוָה לֹא דָרָשׁוּ", "text": "*Hôy* the *yōrᵉdîm* *Miṣrayim* for *ʿezrâ*, upon *sûsîm* *yiššāʿēnû*, and *wayyiḇṭᵉḥû* upon *reḵeḇ* because *rāḇ*, and upon *pārāšîm* because they *ʿāṣᵉmû* *mᵉʾōd*, and not *šāʿû* upon *qᵉdôš* *Yiśrāʾēl* and *ʾet*-*Yhwh* not *dārāšû*", "grammar": { "*Hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*yōrᵉdîm*": "participle, masculine plural - going down", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿezrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - help/assistance", "*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural - horses", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they lean/rely", "*wayyiḇṭᵉḥû*": "imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural, qal - and they trust", "*reḵeḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - chariot(s)", "*rāḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/great", "*pārāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - horsemen", "*ʿāṣᵉmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they are strong/mighty", "*mᵉʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*šāʿû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they look/gaze", "*qᵉdôš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy one", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*dārāšû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they seek/inquire" }, "variants": { "*Hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*yōrᵉdîm*": "those going down/those who descend", "*Miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʿezrâ*": "help/assistance/aid", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "they lean/rely/depend", "*reḵeḇ*": "chariot(s)/vehicle(s)", "*šāʿû*": "they gaze/look/regard", "*dārāšû*": "they seek/inquire/consult" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.2", "source": "וְגַם־הוּא חָכָם וַיָּבֵא רָע וְאֶת־דְּבָרָיו לֹא הֵסִיר וְקָם עַל־בֵּית מְרֵעִים וְעַל־עֶזְרַת פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן", "text": "And *gam*-*hûʾ* *ḥāḵām* and *wayyāḇēʾ* *rāʿ* and *ʾet*-*dᵉḇārāyw* not *hēsîr* and *qām* against *bêt* *mᵉrēʿîm* and against *ʿezrat* *pōʿᵃlê* *ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*ḥāḵām*": "adjective, masculine singular - wise", "*wayyāḇēʾ*": "imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - and he brings", "*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/calamity", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dᵉḇārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his words", "*hēsîr*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he removes/takes away", "*qām*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he rises/stands", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*mᵉrēʿîm*": "participle, masculine plural, hiphil - evildoers", "*ʿezrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - help of", "*pōʿᵃlê*": "participle, masculine plural construct, qal - workers of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵām*": "wise/skillful/clever", "*wayyāḇēʾ*": "brings/causes to come", "*rāʿ*": "evil/calamity/disaster", "*hēsîr*": "removes/takes away/turns aside", "*qām*": "rises/stands/arises", "*mᵉrēʿîm*": "evildoers/those who do evil", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.3", "source": "וּמִצְרַיִם אָדָם וְלֹא־אֵל וְסוּסֵיהֶם בָּשָׂר וְלֹא־רוּחַ וַיהוָה יַטֶּה יָדוֹ וְכָשַׁל עוֹזֵר וְנָפַל עָזֻר וְיַחְדָּו כֻּלָּם יִכְלָיוּן", "text": "And *Miṣrayim* *ʾādām* and not-*ʾēl* and *sûsêhem* *bāśār* and not-*rûaḥ* and *wa-Yhwh* *yaṭṭeh* *yādô* and *ḵāšal* *ʿôzēr* and *nāp̄al* *ʿāzur* and *yaḥdāw* *kullām* *yiḵlāyûn*", "grammar": { "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/human", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*sûsêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their horses", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - spirit/breath", "*wa-Yhwh*": "proper noun with conjunction - and LORD", "*yaṭṭeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he stretches out", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ḵāšal*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he stumbles", "*ʿôzēr*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - helper", "*nāp̄al*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he falls", "*ʿāzur*": "passive participle, masculine singular, qal - one being helped", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*yiḵlāyûn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they perish" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām*": "man/human/mankind", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat/body", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*yaṭṭeh*": "stretches out/extends/bends", "*ḵāšal*": "stumbles/trips/fails", "*nāp̄al*": "falls/drops/collapses", "*yiḵlāyûn*": "perish/come to an end/are consumed" } }
  • Isa 57:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.57.9", "source": "וַתָּשֻׁ֤רִי לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן וַתַּרְבִּ֖י רִקֻּחָ֑יִךְ וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֤י צִרַ֙יִךְ֙ עַד־מֵ֣רָחֹ֔ק וַתַּשְׁפִּ֖ילִי עַד־שְׁאֽוֹל׃", "text": "*wattāšurî* *lammelek* *baššemen* *wattarbî* *riqqḥāyik* *wattəšalləḥî* *ṣirayik* *ʿad-mērāḥōq* *wattašpîlî* *ʿad-šəʾôl*.", "grammar": { "*wattāšurî*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and you journeyed/went", "*lammelek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - to the king/Molech", "*baššemen*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - with the oil", "*wattarbî*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and you multiplied/increased", "*riqqḥāyik*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your perfumes/ointments", "*wattəšalləḥî*": "conjunctive waw + piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and you sent", "*ṣirayik*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your envoys/messengers", "*ʿad-mērāḥōq*": "preposition + preposition + noun/adverb - unto far away", "*wattašpîlî*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and you debased/brought low", "*ʿad-šəʾôl*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular - unto Sheol/the grave" }, "variants": { "*wattāšurî*": "you journeyed/traveled/brought tribute", "*melek*": "king/Molech (deity)", "*riqqḥāyik*": "your perfumes/ointments/aromatic preparations", "*ṣirayik*": "your envoys/ambassadors/messengers", "*mērāḥōq*": "far away/distant place", "*wattašpîlî*": "you brought low/humbled/debased yourself", "*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave/death" } }
  • Jer 2:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.18", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה מַה־לָּךְ֙ לְדֶ֣רֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִשְׁתּ֖וֹת מֵ֣י שִׁח֑וֹר וּמַה־לָּךְ֙ לְדֶ֣רֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר לִשְׁתּ֖וֹת מֵ֥י נָהָֽר׃", "text": "*Wə-ʿattāh* *mah*-*lāk* *lə-derek* *Miṣrayim* *lištôt* *mê* *šiḥôr* *û-mah*-*lāk* *lə-derek* *ʾAššûr* *lištôt* *mê* *nāhār*", "grammar": { "*Wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*mah*-*lāk*": "interrogative pronoun + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - what to you", "*lə-derek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to way of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*lištôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to drink", "*mê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - waters of", "*šiḥôr*": "proper noun - Shihor/Nile", "*û-mah*-*lāk*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and what to you", "*lə-derek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to way of", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*lištôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to drink", "*mê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - waters of", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river" }, "variants": { "*mah*-*lāk*": "what is it to you/what business have you/what profit for you", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*lištôt*": "to drink/for drinking", "*mê*": "waters of/water from", "*šiḥôr*": "Shihor/Nile/Black River", "*nāhār*": "river/Euphrates" } }
  • Jer 2:36 : 36 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.36", "source": "מַה־תֵּזְלִ֥י מְאֹ֖ד לְשַׁנּ֣וֹת אֶת־דַּרְכֵּ֑ךְ גַּ֤ם מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ תֵּב֔וֹשִׁי כַּאֲשֶׁר־בֹּ֖שְׁתְּ מֵאַשּֽׁוּר׃", "text": "Why *tēzəlî* *məʾōd* *ləšannôt* *ʾet*-*darkēk*? *Gam* from *miṣrayim* *tēḇôšî* when *bōšət* from *ʾaššûr*.", "grammar": { "*tēzəlî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you go about/you travel", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very much/greatly/exceedingly", "*ləšannôt*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition - to change", "*darkēk*": "noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your way", "*Gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun with preposition - from Egypt", "*tēḇôšî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be ashamed", "*bōšət*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were ashamed", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun with preposition - from Assyria" }, "variants": { "*tēzəlî*": "you go about/you travel/you wander/you are so eager", "*məʾōd*": "very much/greatly/exceedingly", "*ləšannôt*": "to change/to alter/to vary", "*darkēk*": "your way/your path/your course of life", "*tēḇôšî*": "you will be ashamed/you will be disappointed/you will be confounded", "*bōšət*": "you were ashamed/you were disappointed/you were confounded" } }
  • Jer 44:12-14 : 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.12", "source": "וְלָקַחְתִּ֞י אֶת־שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְהוּדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֨מוּ פְנֵיהֶ֜ם לָב֣וֹא אֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ לָג֣וּר שָׁם֒ וְתַ֨מּוּ כֹ֜ל בְּאֶ֧רֶץ מִצְרַ֣יִם יִפֹּ֗לוּ בַּחֶ֤רֶב בָּֽרָעָב֙ יִתַּ֔מּוּ מִקָּטֹן֙ וְעַד־גָּד֔וֹל בַּחֶ֥רֶב וּבָרָעָ֖ב יָמֻ֑תוּ וְהָיוּ֙ לְאָלָ֣ה לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה וּלְחֶרְפָּֽה׃", "text": "And-*lāqaḥtî* *ʾet*-*šeʾērît yehûdāh* who-*śāmû* *penêhem* to-*lābôʾ* *ʾereṣ-miṣrayim* to-*lāgûr* there and-*tammû* all in-*ʾereṣ miṣrayim* *yippōlû* by-the-*ḥereb* by-the-*rāʿāb* *yittammû* from-*qāṭōn* and-until-*gādôl* by-the-*ḥereb* and-by-the-*rāʿāb* *yāmūtû* and-*hāyû* to-*ʾālāh* to-*šammāh* and-to-*qelālāh* and-to-*ḥerpāh*", "grammar": { "*lāqaḥtî*": "perfect verb, 1st singular - I will take", "*šeʾērît yehûdāh*": "construct chain - remnant of Judah", "*śāmû*": "perfect verb, 3rd plural - they set", "*penêhem*": "plural noun with possessive suffix, 3rd plural - their faces", "*lābôʾ*": "infinitive construct - to come/enter", "*ʾereṣ-miṣrayim*": "construct chain - land of Egypt", "*lāgûr*": "infinitive construct - to sojourn/dwell temporarily", "*tammû*": "perfect verb, 3rd plural - they will be finished/consumed", "*yippōlû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd plural - they will fall", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*rāʿāb*": "noun, masculine singular - famine/hunger", "*yittammû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd plural - they will be consumed", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small/young", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/old", "*yāmūtû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd plural - they will die", "*hāyû*": "perfect verb, 3rd plural - they will become", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - oath/curse", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/appalment", "*qelālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - curse", "*ḥerpāh*": "noun, feminine singular - reproach/disgrace" }, "variants": { "*šeʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*lāgûr*": "to sojourn/dwell temporarily/live as foreigners", "*tammû*": "they will be finished/consumed/completed", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger/starvation", "*ʾālāh*": "oath/curse/imprecation", "*šammāh*": "horror/appalment/desolation", "*qelālāh*": "curse/cursing/execration", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/scorn" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.13", "source": "וּפָקַדְתִּ֗י עַ֤ל הַיּֽוֹשְׁבִים֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּקַ֖דְתִּי עַל־יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם בַּחֶ֖רֶב בָּרָעָ֥ב וּבַדָּֽבֶר׃", "text": "*wə-pāqadtî* upon the *yôšəbîm* in *ʾereṣ miṣrayim*, as *kaʾăšer pāqadtî* upon *yərûšālāim*, with the *ḥereb*, with the *rāʿāb*, and with the *dāber*.", "grammar": { "*wə-pāqadtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will punish/visit", "*yôšəbîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - dwellers/inhabitants/those dwelling", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - just as/according as", "*pāqadtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I punished/visited", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ḥereb*": "noun feminine singular - sword", "*rāʿāb*": "noun masculine singular - famine/hunger", "*dāber*": "noun masculine singular - pestilence/plague" }, "variants": { "*pāqadtî*": "visited/punished/attended to/inspected", "*ḥereb*": "sword/violence/war", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger/starvation", "*dāber*": "pestilence/plague/disease" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.14", "source": "וְלֹ֨א יִהְיֶ֜ה פָּלִ֤יט וְשָׂרִיד֙ לִשְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְהוּדָ֔ה הַבָּאִ֥ים לָגֽוּר־שָׁ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלָשׁ֣וּב ׀ אֶ֣רֶץ יְהוּדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֜מָּה מְנַשְּׂאִ֤ים אֶת־נַפְשָׁם֙ לָשׁוּב֙ לָשֶׁ֣בֶת שָׁ֔ם כִּ֥י לֹֽא־יָשׁ֖וּבוּ כִּ֥י אִם־פְּלֵטִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ yihyeh pālîṭ wə-śārîd* for *šəʾērît yəhûdāh*, the ones *habbāʾîm* to *lāgûr* there in *ʾereṣ miṣrayim*, and to return [to] *ʾereṣ yəhûdāh* which they *mənaśśəʾîm* *ʾet-napšām* to return to dwell there, for not *yāšûbû* except *pəlēṭîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ yihyeh*": "conjunction + negative + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there will not be", "*pālîṭ*": "noun masculine singular - fugitive/escapee", "*wə-śārîd*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*šəʾērît*": "noun feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*habbāʾîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones coming/going", "*lāgûr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to sojourn/dwell temporarily", "*mənaśśəʾîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - lifting up/carrying", "*ʾet-napšām*": "direct object marker + noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their soul/desire", "*yāšûbû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will return", "*pəlēṭîm*": "noun masculine plural - escapees/refugees" }, "variants": { "*pālîṭ*": "fugitive/escapee/survivor", "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/one who remains", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/residue", "*lāgûr*": "to sojourn/dwell as foreigners/reside temporarily", "*mənaśśəʾîm*": "lifting up/raising/carrying/bearing", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/desire/self", "*pəlēṭîm*": "escapees/refugees/fugitives" } }
  • Jer 50:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.15", "source": "הָרִ֨יעוּ עָלֶ֤יהָ סָבִיב֙ נָתְנָ֣ה יָדָ֔הּ נָֽפְלוּ֙ *אשויתיה **אָשְׁיוֹתֶ֔יהָ נֶהֶרְס֖וּ חֽוֹמוֹתֶ֑יהָ כִּי֩ נִקְמַ֨ת יְהוָ֥ה הִיא֙ הִנָּ֣קְמוּ בָ֔הּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה עֲשׂוּ־לָֽהּ׃", "text": "*Hārîʿû* against-her *sābîb* *nātĕnâ* *yādāh* *nāpĕlû* *ʾāšyôtêhā* *nehersû* *ḥômôtêhā* for *niqmat* *YHWH* she *hinnāqĕmû* in-her as-which *ʿāśĕtâ* *ʿăśû*-to-her.", "grammar": { "*Hārîʿû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - shout/sound alarm", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*nātĕnâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she has given", "*yādāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hand", "*nāpĕlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have fallen", "*ʾāšyôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her foundations (Kethib/Qere variant in source)", "*nehersû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are demolished", "*ḥômôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her walls", "*niqmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vengeance of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*hinnāqĕmû*": "niphal imperative, masculine plural - take vengeance", "*ʿāśĕtâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she has done", "*ʿăśû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - do" }, "variants": { "*Hārîʿû*": "shout/raise war cry/sound alarm", "*nātĕnâ* *yādāh*": "idiom - she has surrendered/given up", "*ʾāšyôtêhā*": "her foundations/pillars/supports", "*nehersû*": "they are demolished/torn down/destroyed", "*hinnāqĕmû*": "take vengeance/avenge yourselves" } }
  • Ezek 17:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.17.18", "source": "וּבָזָ֥ה אָלָ֖ה לְהָפֵ֣ר בְּרִ֑ית וְהִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֥ן יָד֛וֹ וְכָל־אֵ֥לֶּה עָשָׂ֖ה לֹ֥א יִמָּלֵֽט׃", "text": "And *ûbāzâ* *ʾālâ* to *ləhāpēr* *bərît* and behold *nātan* *yādô* and all-*ʾēlleh* *ʿāśâ* not *yimmālēṭ*", "grammar": { "*ûbāzâ*": "waw + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - despised/disdained", "*ʾālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - oath/curse", "*ləhāpēr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to break/annul", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant/agreement", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - gave/put", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these (things)", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - did/made", "*yimmālēṭ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will escape/be delivered" }, "variants": { "*ûbāzâ*": "despised/disdained/held in contempt", "*ʾālâ*": "oath/curse/imprecation", "*ləhāpēr*": "to break/annul/frustrate", "*nātan yādô*": "gave his hand/pledged/made agreement", "*yimmālēṭ*": "will escape/be delivered/survive" } }
  • Hos 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Hosea.5.13", "source": "וַיַּ֨רְא אֶפְרַ֜יִם אֶת־חָלְי֗וֹ וִֽיהוּדָה֙ אֶת־מְזֹר֔וֹ וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶל־אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיִּשְׁלַ֖ח אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ יָרֵ֑ב וְה֗וּא לֹ֤א יוּכַל֙ לִרְפֹּ֣א לָכֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יִגְהֶ֥ה מִכֶּ֖ם מָזֽוֹר׃", "text": "*Wayyarə* *ʾEp̄rayim* *ʾeṯ*-*ḥālyô* *wî*-*Yəhûḏâ* *ʾeṯ*-*məzōrô*, *wayyēleḵ* *ʾEp̄rayim* to-*ʾAššûr* *wayyišlaḥ* to-*meleḵ* *yārēḇ*; *wə*-he not *yûḵal* to-heal to-you, *wə*-not-*yiḡhê* from-you *māzôr*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarə*": "imperfect, consecutive, qal, 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw", "*ʾEp̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ḥālyô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sickness", "*wî*": "conjunction - and", "*Yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*məzōrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wound", "*wayyēleḵ*": "imperfect, consecutive, qal, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "imperfect, consecutive, qal, 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yārēḇ*": "proper noun or participle - Jareb/contentious one", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yûḵal*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is able", "*yiḡhê*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will remove/cure", "*māzôr*": "noun, masculine singular - wound/infection" }, "variants": { "*ḥālyô*": "his sickness/his disease/his illness", "*məzōrô*": "his wound/his sore/his infection", "*yārēḇ*": "Jareb (proper name)/contentious/warrior/one who contends", "*yûḵal*": "he is able/he can/he has power", "*yiḡhê*": "he will remove/he will cure/he will heal", "*māzôr*": "wound/infection/sore" } }
  • Hos 7:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Hosea.7.11", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם כְּיוֹנָ֥ה פוֹתָ֖ה אֵ֣ין לֵ֑ב מִצְרַ֥יִם קָרָ֖אוּ אַשּׁ֥וּר הָלָֽכוּ׃", "text": "*wayəhî* *ʾep̄rayim* like *yônâ* *p̄ôṯâ* *ʾên* *lēḇ* *miṣrayim* *qārāʾû* *ʾaššûr* *hālāḵû*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and he became", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim (northern kingdom)", "*yônâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix *kə* - like a dove", "*p̄ôṯâ*": "qal passive participle feminine singular - deceived/simple", "*ʾên*": "negative particle construct - without", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart/understanding", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*qārāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they called", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*hālāḵû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they went" }, "variants": { "*p̄ôṯâ*": "deceived/simple/easily persuaded", "*lēḇ*": "heart/mind/understanding", "*qārāʾû*": "called/summoned/invited", "*hālāḵû*": "went/walked/proceeded" } }