Isaiah 28:25

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

When he hath levelled the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and put in the wheat in rows, and the barley in the appointed place, and the spelt in the border thereof?

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הֲלוֹא אִם־שִׁוָּה פָנֶיהָ וְהֵפִיץ קֶצַח וְכַמֹּן יִזְרֹק וְשָׂם חִטָּה שׂוֹרָה וּשְׂעֹרָה נִסְמָן וְכֻסֶּמֶת גְּבֻלָתוֹ

Transliteration

?-not if-šiwwāh p̄ānêhā and-hēp̄îṣ qeṣaḥ and-ḵammōn yizrōq and-śām ḥiṭṭāh śôrāh and-śəʿōrāh nismān and-ḵussemeṯ gəḇulāṯô

Grammar Details

*šiwwāh*: piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has leveled
*p̄ānêhā*: masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its surface
*hēp̄îṣ*: hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has scattered
*qeṣaḥ*: masculine singular noun - black cummin
*ḵammōn*: masculine singular noun - cummin
*yizrōq*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he sows
*śām*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has placed
*ḥiṭṭāh*: feminine singular noun - wheat
*śôrāh*: feminine singular noun - in rows
*śəʿōrāh*: feminine singular noun - barley
*nismān*: niphal participle masculine singular - appointed/designated
*ḵussemeṯ*: feminine singular noun - spelt
*gəḇulāṯô*: feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its border

Word Meanings

*šiwwāh*: has leveled/has made even
*p̄ānêhā*: its surface/its face
*hēp̄îṣ*: has scattered/has spread
*qeṣaḥ*: black cummin/black caraway
*yizrōq*: sows/casts/throws
*śôrāh*: in rows/in appointed place
*nismān*: appointed/designated/marked place
*ḵussemeṯ*: spelt/rye
*gəḇulāṯô*: its border/its boundary/its edge

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

Casual readers
Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
Readers preferring contemporary language

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

Exod 9:31-32 : 31 And the flax and the barley were smitten: for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom. 32 But the wheat and the spelt were not smitten: for they were not grown up.
Ezek 4:9 : 9 Take thou also unto thee wheat, and barley, and beans, and lentils, and millet, and spelt, and put them in one vessel, and make thee bread thereof; [according to] the number of the days that thou shalt lie upon thy side, even three hundred and ninety days, shalt thou eat thereof.
Matt 23:23 : 23 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye tithe mint and anise and cummin, and have left undone the weightier matters of the law, justice, and mercy, and faith: but these ye ought to have done, and not to have left the other undone.

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