1 Samuel 28:3

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Now Samuel had died, and all Israel mourned for him and buried him in Ramah, his hometown. Meanwhile, Saul had removed the mediums and spiritists from the land.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּשְׁמוּאֵ֣ל מֵ֔ת וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־לוֹ֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ בָרָמָ֖ה וּבְעִיר֑וֹ וְשָׁא֗וּל הֵסִ֛יר הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖ים מֵהָאָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

And šəmûʾêl had mêt, and wayyispədû-to him all-yiśrāʾêl, and wayyiqbərūhû in rāmāh and in ʿîrô; and šāʾûl hêsîr the ʾōḇôt and ʾet-the yiddəʿōnîm from the ʾāreṣ.

Grammar Details

• *šəmûʾêl*: proper noun - Samuel
• *mêt*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular - died/was dead
• *wayyispədû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they lamented
• *yiśrāʾêl*: proper noun - Israel
• *wayyiqbərūhû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they buried him
• *rāmāh*: proper noun - Ramah
• *ʿîrô*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his city
• *šāʾûl*: proper noun - Saul
• *hêsîr*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - had removed/put away
• *ʾōḇôt*: masculine plural noun with definite article - the mediums/necromancers
• *yiddəʿōnîm*: masculine plural noun with definite article - the familiar spirits/wizards
• *ʾāreṣ*: feminine singular noun with definite article - the land

Word Meanings

• *mêt*: had died/was dead
• *wayyispədû*: and they mourned/lamented/wailed
• *ʾōḇôt*: mediums/necromancers/those who consult ghosts
• *yiddəʿōnîm*: familiar spirits/wizards/those with special knowledge
• *hêsîr*: had removed/banished/eliminated

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had mourned him and buried him in Ramah, in his own city. And Saul had expelled those with familiar spirits and the wizards from the land.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  As for Samuel, he was deed, and all ye people had mourned for him, & buried him in his cite Ramath. So Saul had dryuen the soythsayers and expounders of tokens out of ye londe.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  ( Samuel was then dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah his owne citie: and Saul had put away the sorcerers, and the soothsayers out of the land)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Samuel was then dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Rama his owne citie: And Saul had put away the sorcerers, and the soothsayers out of the land.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. Saul had put away those who had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Samuel hath died, and all Israel mourn for him, and bury him in Ramah, even in his city, and Saul hath turned aside those having familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. And Saul had put away those that had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel, after weeping for him, had put his body in its last resting-place in Ramah, his town. And Saul had put away from the land all those who had control of spirits and who made use of secret arts.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city. Saul had put away those who had familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Now Samuel had died, and all Israel had lamented over him and had buried him in Ramah, his hometown. In the meantime Saul had removed the mediums and magicians from the land.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 20:27 : 27 If a man or a woman has a spirit of divination or is a medium, they must be put to death. They are to be stoned, and their blood is upon them.
• 1 Sam 25:1 : 1 Samuel died, and all Israel gathered to mourn for him. They buried him at his home in Ramah, and David went down to the wilderness of Paran.
• Lev 19:31 : 31 Do not turn to mediums or spiritists. Do not seek them out to be defiled by them. I am the LORD your God.
• Exod 22:18 : 18 Anyone who has sexual relations with an animal must surely be put to death.
• Deut 18:10-11 : 10 Let no one be found among you who sacrifices their son or daughter in the fire, practices divination, tells fortunes, interprets omens, or engages in witchcraft. 11 Or one who casts spells, consults a medium or spiritist, or who seeks the dead.
• 1 Sam 7:17 : 17 But he always returned to Ramah, where his home was. There he judged Israel and also built an altar to the LORD.
• 1 Sam 15:23 : 23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and defiance is like iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.
• 1 Sam 28:9 : 9 The woman said to him, "Surely you know what Saul has done, how he has cut off the mediums and spiritists from the land. Why are you setting a trap for my life to bring about my death?"
• Isa 57:1-2 : 1 The righteous perish, and no one takes it to heart; faithful people are taken away, and no one understands that the righteous are taken away to be spared from evil. 2 They find peace; they rest in their beds—those who walk in uprightness.
• Acts 16:16-19 : 16 As we were going to the place of prayer, we were met by a servant girl who had a spirit of divination. She earned a great deal of money for her owners by fortune-telling. 17 She followed Paul and us, shouting, 'These men are servants of the Most High God, who are proclaiming to you the way of salvation!' 18 She kept doing this for many days. Finally, Paul, greatly annoyed, turned and said to the spirit, 'I command you in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her.' And it came out that very moment. 19 When her owners saw that their hope of profit was gone, they seized Paul and Silas and dragged them into the marketplace to face the authorities.
• Lev 20:6 : 6 If anyone turns to mediums or spiritists, prostituting themselves by following them, I will set my face against that person and cut them off from their people.