1 Peter 2:23

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

When he was maligned, he did not answer back; when he suffered, he threatened no retaliation, but committed himself to God who judges justly.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὃς, λοιδορούμενος, οὐκ ἀντελοιδόρει· πάσχων, οὐκ ἠπείλει· παρεδίδου δὲ τῷ κρίνοντι δικαίως:

Transliteration

Hos, loidoroumenos, ouk anteloidorei; paschōn, ouk ēpeilei; paredidou de tō krinonti dikaiōs:

Grammar Details

• *Hos*: relative pronoun, masculine singular nominative - who
• *loidoroumenos*: present passive participle, masculine singular nominative - being reviled
• *ouk*: negative particle - not
• *anteloidorei*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was reviling in return
• *paschōn*: present active participle, masculine singular nominative - suffering
• *ēpeilei*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was threatening
• *paredidou*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was committing/entrusting
• *de*: particle - but/and
• *tō krinonti*: present active participle with article, masculine singular dative - to the one judging
• *dikaiōs*: adverb - righteously/justly

Word Meanings

• *loidoroumenos*: being reviled/insulted/abused
• *anteloidorei*: was reviling in return/was insulting back
• *paschōn*: suffering/experiencing pain
• *ēpeilei*: was threatening/menacing
• *paredidou*: was committing/entrusting/delivering over
• *krinonti*: judging/deciding/evaluating
• *dikaiōs*: righteously/justly/fairly

Referenced Verses

• Isa 53:7 : 7 He was treated harshly and afflicted, but he did not even open his mouth. Like a lamb led to the slaughtering block, like a sheep silent before her shearers, he did not even open his mouth.
• Heb 12:3 : 3 Think of him who endured such opposition against himself by sinners, so that you may not grow weary in your souls and give up.
• Ps 37:5 : 5 Commit your future to the LORD! Trust in him, and he will act on your behalf.
• Luke 23:46 : 46 Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said,“Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And after he said this he breathed his last.
• 2 Tim 1:12 : 12 Because of this, in fact, I suffer as I do. But I am not ashamed, because I know the one in whom my faith is set and I am convinced that he is able to protect what has been entrusted to me until that day.
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 Finally the crown of righteousness is reserved for me. The Lord, the righteous Judge, will award it to me in that day– and not to me only, but also to all who have set their affection on his appearing.
• 1 Pet 4:19 : 19 So then let those who suffer according to the will of God entrust their souls to a faithful Creator as they do good.
• Ps 10:14 : 14 You have taken notice, for you always see one who inflicts pain and suffering. The unfortunate victim entrusts his cause to you; you deliver the fatherless.
• Ps 31:5 : 5 Into your hand I entrust my life; you will rescue me, O LORD, the faithful God.
• Acts 4:29 : 29 And now, Lord, pay attention to their threats, and grant to your servants to speak your message with great courage,
• Acts 7:59 : 59 They continued to stone Stephen while he prayed,“Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!”
• Acts 8:32-35 : 32 Now the passage of scripture the man was reading was this:“He was led like a sheep to slaughter, and like a lamb before its shearer is silent, so he did not open his mouth. 33 In humiliation justice was taken from him. Who can describe his posterity? For his life was taken away from the earth.” 34 Then the eunuch said to Philip,“Please tell me, who is the prophet saying this about– himself or someone else?” 35 So Philip started speaking, and beginning with this scripture proclaimed the good news about Jesus to him.
• Acts 9:1 : 1 The Conversion of Saul Meanwhile Saul, still breathing out threats to murder the Lord’s disciples, went to the high priest
• Acts 17:31 : 31 because he has set a day on which he is going to judge the world in righteousness, by a man whom he designated, having provided proof to everyone by raising him from the dead.”
• Rom 2:5 : 5 But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath for yourselves in the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment is revealed!
• Eph 6:9 : 9 Masters, treat your slaves the same way, giving up the use of threats, because you know that both you and they have the same master in heaven, and there is no favoritism with him.
• 2 Thess 1:5 : 5 Encouragement in Persecution This is evidence of God’s righteous judgment, to make you worthy of the kingdom of God, for which in fact you are suffering.
• Gen 18:25 : 25 Far be it from you to do such a thing– to kill the godly with the wicked, treating the godly and the wicked alike! Far be it from you! Will not the judge of the whole earth do what is right?”
• Ps 7:11 : 11 God is a just judge; he is angry throughout the day.
• Matt 27:39-44 : 39 Those who passed by defamed him, shaking their heads 40 and saying,“You who can destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save yourself! If you are God’s Son, come down from the cross!” 41 In the same way even the chief priests– together with the experts in the law and elders– were mocking him: 42 “He saved others, but he cannot save himself! He is the king of Israel! If he comes down now from the cross, we will believe in him! 43 He trusts in God– let God, if he wants to, deliver him now because he said,‘I am God’s Son’!” 44 The robbers who were crucified with him also spoke abusively to him.
• Mark 14:60-61 : 60 Then the high priest stood up before them and asked Jesus,“Have you no answer? What is this that they are testifying against you?” 61 But he was silent and did not answer. Again the high priest questioned him,“Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed One?”
• Mark 15:29-32 : 29 Those who passed by defamed him, shaking their heads and saying,“Aha! You who can destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, 30 save yourself and come down from the cross!” 31 In the same way even the chief priests– together with the experts in the law– were mocking him among themselves:“He saved others, but he cannot save himself! 32 Let the Christ, the king of Israel, come down from the cross now, that we may see and believe!” Those who were crucified with him also spoke abusively to him.
• Luke 22:64-65 : 64 They blindfolded him and asked him repeatedly,“Prophesy! Who hit you?” 65 They also said many other things against him, reviling him.
• Luke 23:9 : 9 So Herod questioned him at considerable length; Jesus gave him no answer.
• Luke 23:34-39 : 34 [But Jesus said,“Father, forgive them, for they don’t know what they are doing.”] Then they threw dice to divide his clothes. 35 The people also stood there watching, but the leaders ridiculed him, saying,“He saved others. Let him save himself if he is the Christ of God, his chosen one!” 36 The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine, 37 and saying,“If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself!” 38 There was also an inscription over him,“This is the king of the Jews.” 39 One of the criminals who was hanging there railed at him, saying,“Aren’t you the Christ? Save yourself and us!”
• Rev 19:11 : 11 The Son of God Goes to War Then I saw heaven opened and here came a white horse! The one riding it was called“Faithful” and“True,” and with justice he judges and goes to war.
• 1 Pet 3:9 : 9 Do not return evil for evil or insult for insult, but instead bless others because you were called to inherit a blessing.
• John 8:48-49 : 48 The Judeans replied,“Aren’t we correct in saying that you are a Samaritan and are possessed by a demon?” 49 Jesus answered,“I am not possessed by a demon, but I honor my Father– and yet you dishonor me.
• John 19:9-9 : 9 and he went back into the governor’s residence and said to Jesus,“Where do you come from?” But Jesus gave him no answer. 10 So Pilate said,“Do you refuse to speak to me? Don’t you know I have the authority to release you, and to crucify you?” 11 Jesus replied,“You would have no authority over me at all, unless it was given to you from above. Therefore the one who handed me over to you is guilty of greater sin.”
• Ps 38:12-14 : 12 Those who seek my life try to entrap me; those who want to harm me speak destructive words; all day long they say deceitful things. 13 But I am like a deaf man– I hear nothing; I am like a mute who cannot speak. 14 I am like a man who cannot hear and is incapable of arguing his defense.
• Ps 96:13 : 13 before the LORD, for he comes! For he comes to judge the earth! He judges the world fairly, and the nations in accordance with his justice.