Exodus 21:13

Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

Yf a ma laye not awayte but God delyuer him in to his hande, then I wyll poynte the a place whether he shall fle.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא צָדָה וְהָאֱלֹהִים אִנָּה לְיָדוֹ וְשַׂמְתִּי לְךָ מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יָנוּס שָׁמָּה

Transliteration

wa-ʾasher lōʾ ṣādāh wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm ʾinnāh lə-yādô wə-śamtî ləkā māqôm ʾasher yānûs shāmmāh

Grammar Details

• *wa-ʾasher*: conjunction *wə* + relative pronoun - but one who
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *ṣādāh*: qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lay in wait
• *wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*: conjunction *wə* + definite article + masculine plural noun - but God
• *ʾinnāh*: piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to meet/delivered
• *lə-yādô*: preposition *lə* + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his hand
• *wə-śamtî*: conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 1st person singular - then I will appoint
• *ləkā*: preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you
• *māqôm*: masculine singular noun - a place
• *ʾasher*: relative pronoun - where/to which
• *yānûs*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he may flee
• *shāmmāh*: adverb - there/to there

Word Meanings

• *ṣādāh*: lay in wait/planned/ambushed/intended
• *ʾinnāh lə-yādô*: caused to meet his hand/delivered to his hand/caused it to happen
• *śamtî*: I will appoint/establish/designate
• *māqôm*: place/location/refuge
• *yānûs*: he may flee/escape/find refuge

Referenced Verses

• Deut 4:41-43 : 41 Then Moses seuered.iij. cities on the other syde Iordane towarde the sonne rysynge, 42 that he shulde fle thiter which had kylled his neyghboure vnwares and hated him not in tyme past and therfore shulde fle vnto one of the same cities and lyue: 43 Bezer in the wildernesse euen in the playne contre amonge the Rubenites: and Ramoth in Gilead amonge the Gaddites and Solan in Basan amonge the Manassites.
• Deut 19:1-9 : 1 When the Lorde thy Gad hath destroyed the nacyons whose londe the Lorde thy God geueth the, and thou hast conquered the and dwellest in their cities and in their housses: 2 thou shalt appoynte.iij. cities in the lande whiche the Lorde thy God geueth the to possesse it: 3 thou shalt prepare the waye and deuyde the costes of thy lande whiche the Lorde thy God geueth the to enheret, in to.iij. partes that whosoeuer committeth murthur may flee thither. 4 And this is the cause of the sleyer that shal flee thither and be saued: Yf he smyte his neghboure ignorantly and hated him not in tyme passed: 5 As when a man goeth vnto the wodd with his neghboure to hew wod, and as his hade fetcheth a stroke with the axe, the head slippeth from the helue and smyteth his neghboure that he dye: the same shall flee vnto one off the same cities ad be saued. 6 Lest the executer of bloude folowe after the sleyer while his hert is whote and ouertake him, because the waye is longe, and slee him, and yet there is no cause worthy of deeth in him, in as moch as he hated not his neghbour in tyme passed. 7 Wherfore I commaunde the sayeng: se that thou appoynte out.iij. cities. 8 And yf the Lorde thy God enlarge thy costes as he hath sworne vnto thy fathers and geue the all the londe which he sayed he wold geue vnto thy fathers 9 (so that thou kepe all these commaundmentes to doo them, which I commaunde the this daye, that thou loue the Lord thy god ad walke in his wayes euer) then thou shalt adde.iij. cities moo vnto those.iij. 10 that innocent bloude be not shed in thi lande which the Lorde thy God geueth the to enheret, and so bloude come vppon the, 11 But and yf there be any man that hateth his neyghboure and layeth awayte for him and ryseth agenst him and smyteth him that he dye, and fleeth vnto any of these cities. 12 Then let the elders of his citie sende and fetche him thence and delyuer him in to the hondes of the iustice of bloude, and he shall dye, 13 Let thyne eye haue no pitie on him, and so thou shalt put awaye innocent bloude from Israel, and happie arte thou.
• Num 35:10-34 : 10 speake vnto the childern of Israel and saye vnto them: when ye be come ouer Iordayne in to the londe of Canaan 11 ye shall bylde cities whiche shalbe preuyleged townes for you: that he whiche sleeth a man vnwares maye flye thither. 12 And the cities shalbe to flee from the executer of bloude that he whyche kylled dye not vntill he stonde before the congregacion in iudgement. 13 And of these vi. fre cities 14 which ye shall geue.iij. ye shall geue on this syde Iordayne and.iij. in ye londe of Canaan. 15 And these sixe fre cities shalbe for the childern of Israel and for the straunger and for him that dwelleth amonge you yt all thei which kill any persone vnwares maye flee thither. 16 Yf any man smyte another with a wepo of yerne that he dye than he is a murtherer and shall dye for it. 17 Yf he smyte him with a throwinge stone that he dye therwith then he shall dye: for he is a murtherer and shalbe slayne therfore. 18 Yf he smyte him with a handwepon of wodd that he dye therwith then he shall dye: for he is a murtherer and shalbe slayne therfore. 19 The iudge of bloude shall slee the murtherer as sone as he fyndeth him: 20 Yf he thrust him of hate or hourle at him with layenge of wayte that he dye 21 or smyte him with his hande of enuye that he dye he that smote him shall dye for he is a murtherer. The iustice of bloude shall slee him as soone as he fyndeth him. 22 But and yf he pusshed him by chaunce and not of hate or cast at him with any maner of thynge and not of layenge of wayte: 23 or cast any maner of stone at him that he dye therewith and sawe him not: And he cast it apon him and he dyed but was not his enemye nether soughte him ony harme: 24 Then the cogregacion shall iudge betwene the sleer ad the executer of bloude in soche cases. 25 And the congregacion shall delyuer the sleer out of the hande of the iudge of bloude and shall restore him agayne vnto the fraunchesed cytye whother he was fleed. And he shall byde there vnto the dethe off the hye preaste whiche was anoynted with holy oyle. 26 But and yf he came without the borders of his preuyleged citie whether he was fled 27 yf the bloudvenger fynde him without the borders of his fre towne he shall flee the murtherer and be giltlesse 28 because he shulde haue hidden in his fre towne vntyll the deth of the hye preaste and after the deth of the hye preast he shall returne agayne vnto the londe of his possessyon. 29 And this shalbe an ordinaunce and a lawe vnto you amonge youre childern after you in all youre habitacions. 30 Whosoeuer sleeth shalbe slaine at ye mouthe of witnesses. For one witnesse shall not answere agenste one persone to put him to deeth. 31 Moreouer ye shall take none amendes for the lyfe of the murtherer whiche is worthy to dye: But he shall be put to deeth. 32 Also ye shall take none atonement for him yt is fled to a fre citie that he shulde come agayne and dwell in the londe before the deeth of the hye preast. 33 And se that ye polute not the londe which ye are in for bloude defyleth the londe. And the londe can none other wyse be clensed of ye bloude that is shed therein but by the bloude of it that shed it. 34 Defyle not therfore the londe which ye inhabitt and in the myddes of which I also dwell for I am ye Lorde which dwell amonge the childern of Israel.