Proverbs 23:29

King James Version 1611 (Original)

Who hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לְמִ֨י א֥וֹי לְמִ֪י אֲב֡וֹי לְמִ֤י *מדונים **מִדְיָנִ֨ים ׀ לְמִ֥י שִׂ֗יחַ לְ֭מִי פְּצָעִ֣ים חִנָּ֑ם לְ֝מִ֗י חַכְלִל֥וּת עֵינָֽיִם׃

Transliteration

To whom ʾôy to whom ʾăḇôy to whom miḏyānîm to whom śîaḥ to whom pǝṣāʿîm ḥinnām to whom ḥaḵlilûṯ ʿênāyim?

Grammar Details

• *ʾôy*: interjection - woe/sorrow
• *ʾăḇôy*: interjection - grief/misery
• *miḏyānîm*: noun, masculine plural - contentions/strife
• *śîaḥ*: noun, masculine singular - complaint/babbling
• *pǝṣāʿîm*: noun, masculine plural - wounds
• *ḥinnām*: adverb - without cause/for nothing
• *ḥaḵlilûṯ*: noun, feminine singular - redness/dullness
• *ʿênāyim*: noun, feminine dual - eyes

Word Meanings

• *ʾôy*: woe/sorrow/distress
• *ʾăḇôy*: grief/misery/anguish
• *miḏyānîm*: contentions/strife/quarrels
• *śîaḥ*: complaint/babbling/muttering
• *pǝṣāʿîm ḥinnām*: wounds without cause/injuries for nothing
• *ḥaḵlilûṯ ʿênāyim*: redness of eyes/dullness of vision/bloodshot eyes

Referenced Verses

• Prov 23:21 : 21 For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.
• Isa 5:11 : 11 Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine inflame them!
• Isa 5:22 : 22 Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink:
• Eph 5:18 : 18 And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit;
• Isa 28:7-8 : 7 But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment. 8 For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.
• Nah 1:10 : 10 For while they be folden together as thorns, and while they are drunken as drunkards, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.
• Matt 24:49-50 : 49 And shall begin to smite his fellowservants, and to eat and drink with the drunken; 50 The lord of that servant shall come in a day when he looketh not for him, and in an hour that he is not aware of,
• Luke 12:45-46 : 45 But and if that servant say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; and shall begin to beat the menservants and maidens, and to eat and drink, and to be drunken; 46 The lord of that servant will come in a day when he looketh not for him, and at an hour when he is not aware, and will cut him in sunder, and will appoint him his portion with the unbelievers.
• Gen 49:12 : 12 His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk.
• 1 Sam 25:36-37 : 36 And Abigail came to Nabal; and, behold, he held a feast in his house, like the feast of a king; and Nabal's heart was merry within him, for he was very drunken: wherefore she told him nothing, less or more, until the morning light. 37 But it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, and his wife had told him these things, that his heart died within him, and he became as a stone.
• 2 Sam 13:28 : 28 Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon's heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.
• 1 Kgs 20:16-22 : 16 And they went out at noon. But Benhadad was drinking himself drunk in the pavilions, he and the kings, the thirty and two kings that helped him. 17 And the young men of the princes of the provinces went out first; and Benhadad sent out, and they told him, saying, There are men come out of Samaria. 18 And he said, Whether they be come out for peace, take them alive; or whether they be come out for war, take them alive. 19 So these young men of the princes of the provinces came out of the city, and the army which followed them. 20 And they slew every one his man: and the Syrians fled; and Israel pursued them: and Benhadad the king of Syria escaped on an horse with the horsemen. 21 And the king of Israel went out, and smote the horses and chariots, and slew the Syrians with a great slaughter. 22 And the prophet came to the king of Israel, and said unto him, Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest: for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee.
• Prov 20:1 : 1 Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise.