1{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.1",
"source": "וַיִּבְרַ֣ח דָּוִ֔ד מנוות מִנָּי֖וֹת בָּרָמָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֞א וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוֹנָתָ֗ן מֶ֤ה עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙ מֶֽה־עֲוֺנִ֤י וּמֶֽה־חַטָּאתִי֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ כִּ֥י מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ אֶת־נַפְשִֽׁי",
"text": "And *barach* *David* from *nayot* in *Ramah* and *bo* and *amar* before *Yehonatan*, \"What *asiti*? What *avoni* and what *chatati* before *av* your that *vaqesh* *nephesh* my?\"",
"grammar": {
"*barach*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - fled",
"*David*": "proper noun - David",
"*nayot*": "proper noun with locative prefix - Naioth",
"*Ramah*": "proper noun with locative prefix - Ramah",
"*bo*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - came",
"*amar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*Yehonatan*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*asiti*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I have done",
"*avoni*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my iniquity",
"*chatati*": "noun feminine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my sin",
"*av*": "noun masculine singular construct - father of",
"*vaqesh*": "Piel participle masculine singular - seeking",
"*nephesh*": "noun feminine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my life/soul"
},
"variants": {
"*barach*": "fled/escaped/ran away",
"*bo*": "came/entered/arrived",
"*amar*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*asiti*": "I have done/made/performed",
"*avoni*": "my iniquity/guilt/wrongdoing",
"*chatati*": "my sin/offense/wrongdoing",
"*vaqesh*": "seeking/pursuing/hunting",
"*nephesh*": "life/soul/self/person"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.2",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֣וֹ חָלִילָה֮ לֹ֣א תָמוּת֒ הִנֵּ֡ה לו־עשה לֹֽא־יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אָבִ֜י דָּבָ֣ר גָּד֗וֹל א֚וֹ דָּבָ֣ר קָטֹ֔ן וְלֹ֥א יִגְלֶ֖ה אֶת־אָזְנִ֑י וּמַדּוּעַ֩ יַסְתִּ֨יר אָבִ֥י מִמֶּ֛נִּי אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֵ֥ין זֹֽאת",
"text": "And *amar* to him, \"*chalilah*! Not *tamut*! Behold, not *ya'aseh* *av* my *davar* *gadol* or *davar* *qaton* and not *yigleh* *ozen* my, and why *yastir* *av* my from me *davar* this? Not this!\"",
"grammar": {
"*amar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*chalilah*": "adverbial exclamation - far be it",
"*tamut*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will die",
"*ya'aseh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will do",
"*av*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my father",
"*davar*": "noun masculine singular - thing/word/matter",
"*gadol*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large",
"*qaton*": "adjective masculine singular - small/insignificant",
"*yigleh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will uncover/reveal",
"*ozen*": "noun feminine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my ear",
"*yastir*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will hide/conceal"
},
"variants": {
"*chalilah*": "far be it/God forbid/by no means",
"*tamut*": "you will die/would die",
"*ya'aseh*": "will do/make/perform",
"*davar*": "word/thing/matter",
"*gadol*": "great/large/important",
"*qaton*": "small/little/insignificant",
"*yigleh*": "will uncover/reveal/disclose",
"*yastir*": "will hide/conceal/keep secret"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.3",
"source": "וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע ע֜וֹד דָּוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יָדֹ֨עַ יָדַ֜ע אָבִ֗יךָ כִּֽי־מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ וַיֹּ֛אמֶר אַל־יֵֽדַע־זֹ֥את יְהוֹנָתָ֖ן פֶּן־יֵֽעָצֵ֑ב וְאוּלָ֗ם חַי־יְהוָה֙ וְחֵ֣י נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ כִּ֣י כְפֶ֔שַׂע בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵ֥ין הַמָּֽוֶת",
"text": "And *shava* again *David* and *amar*, \"*yadoa yada* *av* your that *matzati chen* in *eynaim* your, and *amar*, 'Not *yeda* this *Yehonatan* lest *ye'atzev*.' But *chai-YHWH* and *chei nephesh* your, *ki* like a *pesha* between me and between the *mavet*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*shava*": "Niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - he swore",
"*David*": "proper noun - David",
"*amar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*yadoa yada*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - surely knows",
"*av*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*matzati chen*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular + noun masculine singular - I have found favor",
"*eynaim*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes",
"*yeda*": "Qal imperfect jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let know",
"*Yehonatan*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*ye'atzev*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be grieved",
"*chai-YHWH*": "adjective construct + divine name - as YHWH lives",
"*chei nephesh*": "adjective construct + noun feminine singular - as your soul lives",
"*pesha*": "noun masculine singular - step",
"*mavet*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the death"
},
"variants": {
"*shava*": "swore/took an oath",
"*yadoa yada*": "surely knows/certainly knows/definitely knows",
"*matzati chen*": "I have found favor/grace/goodwill",
"*yeda*": "let know/may know",
"*ye'atzev*": "be grieved/be sorrowful/be pained",
"*pesha*": "step/stride/pace",
"*mavet*": "death/dying"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.4",
"source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוֹנָתָ֖ן אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד מַה־תֹּאמַ֥ר נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ",
"text": "And *amar* *Yehonatan* to *David*, \"What *tomar nephesh* your and *e'eseh* for you?\"",
"grammar": {
"*amar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*Yehonatan*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*David*": "proper noun - David",
"*tomar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will say",
"*nephesh*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your soul",
"*e'eseh*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will do"
},
"variants": {
"*amar*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*tomar*": "will say/desires/wants",
"*nephesh*": "soul/self/desire/mind",
"*e'eseh*": "I will do/perform/make"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־יְהוֹנָתָ֗ן הִֽנֵּה־חֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ מָחָ֔ר וְאָנֹכִ֛י יָשֹׁב־אֵשֵׁ֥ב עִם־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לֶאֱכ֑וֹל וְשִׁלַּחְתַּ֙נִי֙ וְנִסְתַּרְתִּ֣י בַשָּׂדֶ֔ה עַ֖ד הָעֶ֥רֶב הַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית",
"text": "And *amar* *David* to *Yehonatan*, \"Behold, *chodesh* tomorrow, and *anokhi yashov-eshev* with the *melekh* to *ekhol*. And *shilachtani* and *nistarti* in the *sadeh* until *erev* the third.\"",
"grammar": {
"*amar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*David*": "proper noun - David",
"*Yehonatan*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*chodesh*": "noun masculine singular - new moon/month",
"*anokhi yashov-eshev*": "pronoun 1st person singular + double verb Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I surely sitting",
"*melekh*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ekhol*": "Qal infinitive construct - to eat",
"*shilachtani*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - you will send me",
"*nistarti*": "Niphal perfect 1st person singular - I will hide myself",
"*sadeh*": "noun masculine singular with definite article and prefix - in the field",
"*erev*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the evening"
},
"variants": {
"*chodesh*": "new moon/month/festival",
"*yashov-eshev*": "surely sit/certainly sit/definitely sit",
"*ekhol*": "to eat/to dine/to feast",
"*shilachtani*": "you will send me/dismiss me/let me go",
"*nistarti*": "I will hide myself/conceal myself",
"*sadeh*": "field/countryside/open land",
"*erev*": "evening/dusk"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.6",
"source": "אִם־פָּקֹ֥ד יִפְקְדֵ֖נִי אָבִ֑יךָ וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ נִשְׁאֹל֩ נִשְׁאַ֨ל מִמֶּ֤נִּי דָוִד֙ לָרוּץ֙ בֵּֽית־לֶ֣חֶם עִיר֔וֹ כִּ֣י זֶ֧בַח הַיָּמִ֛ים שָׁ֖ם לְכָל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָֽה",
"text": "If *paqod yifqdeni* *av* your, and *amarta*, '*nish'ol nish'al* from me *David* to *rutz* *Beth-lechem* *ir* his, for *zevach* the *yamim* there for all the *mishpachah*.'",
"grammar": {
"*paqod yifqdeni*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - surely he will miss me",
"*av*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*amarta*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall say",
"*nish'ol nish'al*": "Niphal infinitive absolute + Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - earnestly asked",
"*David*": "proper noun - David",
"*rutz*": "Qal infinitive construct - to run",
"*Beth-lechem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem",
"*ir*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city",
"*zevach*": "noun masculine singular construct - sacrifice of",
"*yamim*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - the days/yearly",
"*mishpachah*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the family/clan"
},
"variants": {
"*paqod yifqdeni*": "surely miss me/definitely notice my absence",
"*amarta*": "you shall say/you are to say",
"*nish'ol nish'al*": "earnestly asked/urgently requested/specifically asked",
"*rutz*": "to run/to hurry/to go quickly",
"*zevach*": "sacrifice/offering/feast",
"*yamim*": "days/annual/yearly",
"*mishpachah*": "family/clan/relatives"
}
}