1{
"verseID": "Psalms.139.1",
"source": "לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַ לְדָוִ֣ד מִזְמ֑וֹר יְהוָ֥ה חֲ֝קַרְתַּ֗נִי וַתֵּדָֽע׃",
"text": "To-the-*mənaṣṣēaḥ* of-*dāwid* *mizmôr*; *YHWH* *ḥăqartanî* and-*tēdāʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "preposition lamed + masculine singular participle - to/for the director/choirmaster",
"*dāwid*": "preposition lamed + proper name - to/for/of David",
"*mizmôr*": "masculine singular noun - psalm/melody",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ḥăqartanî*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you have searched me",
"*tēdāʿ*": "verb, Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and you know"
},
"variants": {
"*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/choirmaster/chief musician/overseer",
"*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song",
"*ḥăqartanî*": "searched me/investigated me/examined me thoroughly",
"*tēdāʿ*": "know/understand/perceive"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Psalms.139.2",
"source": "אַתָּ֣ה יָ֭דַעְתָּ שִׁבְתִּ֣י וְקוּמִ֑י בַּ֥נְתָּה לְ֝רֵעִ֗י מֵרָחֽוֹק׃",
"text": "*ʾattâ yādaʿtâ šibtî* and-*qûmî*; *bantâ* to-*rēʿî* from-*rāḥôq*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾattâ*": "independent personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you",
"*yādaʿtâ*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you know/knew",
"*šibtî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my sitting down",
"*qûmî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my rising up",
"*bantâ*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you understand/discern",
"*rēʿî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my thought/intention",
"*rāḥôq*": "noun/adverb with preposition min - from afar/from distance"
},
"variants": {
"*yādaʿtâ*": "know/understand/perceive",
"*šibtî*": "my sitting/my dwelling",
"*qûmî*": "my rising/my getting up/my standing",
"*bantâ*": "understand/discern/perceive",
"*rēʿî*": "my thought/my intention/my purpose/my friend",
"*rāḥôq*": "afar/far away/distance"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Psalms.139.3",
"source": "אָרְחִ֣י וְרִבְעִ֣י זֵרִ֑יתָ וְֽכָל־דְּרָכַ֥י הִסְכַּֽנְתָּה׃",
"text": "*ʾārḥî* and-*ribʿî zērîtā* and-all-*dərākay hiskantâ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾārḥî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my path",
"*ribʿî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my lying down",
"*zērîtā*": "verb, Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you winnow/examine",
"*dərākay*": "noun plural + 1st person singular suffix - my ways",
"*hiskantâ*": "verb, Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you are familiar with"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾārḥî*": "my path/my way/my journey",
"*ribʿî*": "my lying down/my resting place",
"*zērîtā*": "winnow/examine thoroughly/sift",
"*dərākay*": "my ways/my paths/my habits",
"*hiskantâ*": "are familiar with/are acquainted with/know well"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Psalms.139.4",
"source": "כִּ֤י אֵ֣ין מִ֭לָּה בִּלְשׁוֹנִ֑י הֵ֥ן יְ֝הוָ֗ה יָדַ֥עְתָּ כֻלָּֽהּ׃",
"text": "For *ʾēyn millâ* in-*ləšônî*; behold, *YHWH yādaʿtâ kullâh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēyn*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*millâ*": "noun, feminine singular - word",
"*ləšônî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix + preposition beth - in my tongue",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh",
"*yādaʿtâ*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you know",
"*kullâh*": "noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - all of it"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēyn*": "there is not/there exists not",
"*millâ*": "word/speech/utterance",
"*ləšônî*": "my tongue/my language/my speech",
"*yādaʿtâ*": "know/understand/perceive",
"*kullâh*": "all of it/entirety of it/the whole of it"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Psalms.139.5",
"source": "אָח֣וֹר וָקֶ֣דֶם צַרְתָּ֑נִי וַתָּ֖שֶׁת עָלַ֣י כַּפֶּֽכָה׃",
"text": "*ʾāḥôr wāqedem ṣartānî* and-*tāšet* upon-me *kappekâ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb/noun - behind/backward",
"*wāqedem*": "conjunction + noun - and before/in front",
"*ṣartānî*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - you hem in me/you surround me",
"*tāšet*": "verb, Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and you place/put",
"*kappekâ*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your palm/hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāḥôr*": "behind/backward/from behind",
"*qedem*": "before/in front/from the east",
"*ṣartānî*": "hem in me/surround me/besiege me/form me",
"*tāšet*": "place/put/lay",
"*kappekâ*": "your palm/your hand"
}
}