Leviticus 19:18

KJV1611 – Modern English

You shall not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the LORD.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹֽא־תִקֹּ֤ם וְלֹֽא־תִטֹּר֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ לְרֵעֲךָ֖ כָּמ֑וֹךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה

Transliteration

lōʾ-ṯiqqōm wə-lōʾ-ṯiṭṭōr ʾeṯ-bənê ʿammeḵā wə-ʾāhaḇtā lərēʿăḵā kāmôḵā ʾănî YHWH

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *ṯiqqōm*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take vengeance
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ṯiṭṭōr*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall bear a grudge
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *bənê*: noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of
• *ʿammeḵā*: noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people
• *wə-ʾāhaḇtā*: conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall love
• *lərēʿăḵā*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your neighbor
• *kāmôḵā*: preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - as yourself
• *ʾănî*: 1st person singular independent pronoun - I
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD

Word Meanings

• *ṯiqqōm*: take vengeance/avenge
• *ṯiṭṭōr*: bear a grudge/harbor resentment/keep anger
• *ʾāhaḇtā*: love/have affection for

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against anyone among your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy peop, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people; but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: I am Jehovah.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Thou shalt not avenge thy selfe nor bere hate in thy mynde against the childern of thi people, but shalt loue thy neghboure eue as thy self I am the Lorde.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shalt not auenge thy self, ner beare euell will agaynst the childre of thy people. Thou shalt loue thy neghboure, as thy self: for I am the LORDE.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou shalt not auenge, nor be mindful of wrong against ye childre of thy people, but shalt loue thy neighbour as thy selfe: I am the Lord.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou shalt not auenge nor wayte to do displeasure agaynst the chyldren of thy people, but shalt loue thy neighbour euen as thy selfe: I am the Lorde.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I [am] the LORD.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people; but you shall love your neighbor as yourself. I am Yahweh.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Thou dost not take vengeance, nor watch the sons of thy people; and thou hast had love to thy neighbour as thyself; I `am' Jehovah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people; but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: I am Jehovah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people; but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: I am Jehovah.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Do not make attempts to get equal with one who has done you wrong, or keep hard feelings against the children of your people, but have love for your neighbour as for yourself: I am the Lord.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "'You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people; but you shall love your neighbor as yourself. I am Yahweh.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You must not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the children of your people, but you must love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

Referenced Verses

• Rom 12:19 : 19 Beloved, do not avenge yourselves, but rather give place to wrath; for it is written, 'Vengeance is mine; I will repay,' says the Lord.
• Rom 13:9 : 9 For the commandments, 'You shall not commit adultery,' 'You shall not murder,' 'You shall not steal,' 'You shall not bear false witness,' 'You shall not covet,' and if there is any other commandment, are all summed up in this saying, namely, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'
• Gal 5:14 : 14 For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this: 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'
• Jas 2:8 : 8 If you fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, You shall love your neighbor as yourself, you do well.
• Matt 19:19 : 19 Honor your father and your mother, and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.
• Prov 20:22 : 22 Do not say, I will recompense evil; wait on the LORD, and He shall save you.
• Rom 13:4 : 4 For he is God's minister to you for good. But if you do evil, be afraid; for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is God's minister, an avenger to execute wrath on him who does evil.
• Rom 12:17 : 17 Repay no one evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men.
• Luke 10:27-37 : 27 And he answered, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself. 28 And he said to him, You have answered rightly: this do, and you shall live. 29 But he, wanting to justify himself, said to Jesus, And who is my neighbor? 30 And Jesus answered and said, A certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves, who stripped him of his clothing, wounded him, and departed, leaving him half dead. 31 Now by chance a certain priest came down that way, and when he saw him, he passed by on the other side. 32 Likewise a Levite, when he arrived at the place, came and looked, and passed by on the other side. 33 But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was, and when he saw him, he had compassion on him, 34 And went to him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; and he set him on his own animal, brought him to an inn, and took care of him. 35 On the next day, when he departed, he took out two denarii, gave them to the innkeeper, and said to him, Take care of him; and whatever more you spend, when I come again, I will repay you. 36 Now, which of these three do you think was neighbor to him who fell among the thieves? 37 And he said, He who showed mercy on him. Then Jesus said to him, Go and do likewise.
• Gal 5:20 : 20 idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousy, wrath, strife, seditious, heresies,
• Eph 4:31 : 31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice.
• Matt 5:43-44 : 43 You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' 44 But I say to you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you;
• Matt 19:16 : 16 And behold, one came and said to him, Good Teacher, what good thing shall I do that I may have eternal life?
• Matt 22:39-40 : 39 And the second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. 40 On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.
• Exod 23:4-5 : 4 If you encounter your enemy’s ox or donkey wandering away, you shall surely return it to him. 5 If you see the donkey of someone who hates you lying under its burden and you would refrain from helping it, you shall surely help him with it.
• Deut 32:25 : 25 The sword outside, and terror within, shall destroy both the young man and the virgin, the nursing child also with the man of gray hairs.
• 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 And Absalom spoke to his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.
• 2 Sam 13:28 : 28 Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Watch now when Amnon's heart is merry with wine, and when I say to you, Strike Amnon; then kill him, do not fear: have not I commanded you? Be courageous and be valiant.
• Heb 10:30 : 30 For we know him who has said, Vengeance belongs to me, I will repay, says the Lord. And again, The Lord will judge his people.
• 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 Therefore, laying aside all malice, all deceit, hypocrisies, envies, and all evil speaking,
• Mark 12:31-34 : 31 And the second, like it, is this: 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no other commandment greater than these. 32 So the scribe said to him, 'Well said, Teacher. You have spoken the truth, for there is one God, and there is no other but He. 33 And to love Him with all the heart, with all the understanding, with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love one's neighbor as oneself, is more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacrifices. 34 Now when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, 'You are not far from the kingdom of God.' After that, no one dared question him.
• Col 3:8 : 8 But now you also put off all these: anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy communication out of your mouth.